I could solve it already !!!! It turns out that the bluetooth module was badly connected to the arduino !!!! I can already receive data! thank you very much for your comments, especially chrisl, for your suggestion to use the bluetooth serial monitor app! :)
I had connected the VCC to 5V ... that was what was bothering me, I read on the web that if you have it in 5V, as a self defense, the RX pin is completely blocked. The VCC must be connected to 3.3V.