Return to Answer

(()){{}(({})[({})])}{}   Main program.
                            Implicit input from stdin to stack.
(  )                        Push
 ()                         literal number 1.
                            Now the content of the stack: [1, x0]
    {                 }     While stack top ≠ 0:
                            current stack content: [something ≠ 0, x]
     {}                       Pop stack top (something). stack = [x]
       (             )        Push
        ({})                    Stack top = x. Current stack = [x]
             f                  Evaluate f. Current stack = [f(x)]
                               (suppress the value of f(x), avoid adding it)
               [    ]           plus the negative of
                ({})            the top of the stack ( = -f(x) )
                              In conclusion, this change (x) on the stack to
                              (f(x)), and then push (x + -f(x))
                            If it's 0, break loop, else continue.
                       {}   Pop the redundant 0 on the top.
                            Implicit output stack value to stdout.

(()){{}(({})<f>[({})])}{}   Main program.
                            Implicit input from stdin to stack.
(  )                        Push
 ()                         literal number 1.
                            Now the content of the stack: [1, x0]
    {                 }     While stack top ≠ 0:
                            current stack content: [something ≠ 0, x]
     {}                       Pop stack top (something). stack = [x]
       (             )        Push
        ({})                    Stack top = x. Current stack = [x]
             f                  Evaluate f. Current stack = [f(x)]
            < >                   (suppress the value of f(x), avoid adding it)
               [    ]           plus the negative of
                ({})            the top of the stack ( = -f(x) )
                              In conclusion, this change (x) on the stack to
                              (f(x)), and then push (x + -f(x))
                            If it's 0, break loop, else continue.
                       {}   Pop the redundant 0 on the top.
                            Implicit output stack value to stdout.

Equivalent Mini-Flak is 28 bytes. (reimplement monad <> takes 6 bytes)

Take the function (inside the <>) and a number x0 from input.

Equivalent Mini-Flak is 26 bytes (thanks to Wheat Wizard for saving 2 bytes):

(()){{}(({})( )[{}({})])}{}
             ^ put the function f here

(not counting the comments and spaces)

Take the function (inside the <>) and a number x0 from input. (note that Brain-Flak is an esoteric language and can't take functional argument as input)

Explanation: (incomplete)

Explanation: