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A glucosinolate-rich extract of Japanese Daikon perturbs carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme systems in rat, being a potent inducer of hepatic glutathione S-transferase

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An Erratum to this article was published on 29 July 2012

Abstract

Purpose

Glucosinolates/isothiocyanates are an established class of naturally occurring chemopreventive agents, a principal mechanism of action being to limit the generation of genotoxic metabolites of chemical carcinogens, as a result of modulation of cytochrome P450 and phase II detoxification enzymes. The objective of this study was to assess whether a glucosinolate-rich extract from Daikon sprouts, containing glucroraphasatin and glucoraphenin, is a potential chemopreventive agent by modulating such enzymes in the liver and lung of rats.

Methods

Rats were exposed to the glucosinolate-rich Daikon extract through the diet, at three dose levels, for 14 days, so that the low dose simulates dietary intake.

Results

At the low dose only, a modest increase was noted in the hepatic dealkylations of methoxy-, ethoxy-, pentoxyresorufin and benzyloxyquinoline that was accompanied by elevated expression of CYP1 and CYP3A2 apoprotein levels. In lung, only a modest increase in the dealkylation of pentoxyresorufin was observed. At higher doses, in both tissues, these increases were abolished. At the same low dietary dose, the Daikon extract elevated markedly glutathione S-transferase activity paralleled by rises in GSTα, GSTμ and GSTπ protein expression. An increase was also noted in quinone reductase activity and expression. Finally, glucuronosyl transferase and epoxide hydrolase activities and expression were also up-regulated, but necessitated higher doses.

Conclusion

Considering the ability of Daikon glucosinolates to effectively enhance detoxification enzymes, in particular glutathione S-transferase, it may be inferred that consumption of this vegetable may possess significant chemopreventive activity and warrants further evaluation through epidemiology and studies in animal models of cancer.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Malaysian Government for funding this work through a PhD award to one of them (AF Abdull Razis).

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  1. Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, Gina Rosalinda De Nicola, Eleonora Pagnotta & Renato Iori

    Present address: Department Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Toxicology Group, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK

    Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis & Costas Ioannides

  2. Agricultural Research Council, Industrial Crop Research Centre (CRA-CIN), Via di Corticella, 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy

    Gina Rosalinda De Nicola, Eleonora Pagnotta & Renato Iori

Authors
  1. Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
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  2. Gina Rosalinda De Nicola
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  3. Eleonora Pagnotta
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  4. Renato Iori
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  5. Costas Ioannides
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Correspondence to Costas Ioannides.

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Abdull Razis, A.F., De Nicola, G.R., Pagnotta, E. et al. A glucosinolate-rich extract of Japanese Daikon perturbs carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme systems in rat, being a potent inducer of hepatic glutathione S-transferase. Eur J Nutr 52, 1279–1285 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0397-2

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