Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is a notifiable multiple species transboundary viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants. Though the disease is enzootic in India, little is known of the disease burden and prevalent serotypes in Tripura, a hilly state of northeastern India sharing a vast porous border with Bangladesh. A surveillance study was conducted to understand the disease burden in goats in Tripura. Serum (n = 1240) and blood (n = 194) samples were collected during the year 2014 to 2017 from all the eight districts of Tripura. The overall prevalence of BT seroconversion was 47.58% whereas the presence of viral antigen was 20.61% at the individual level. Percent seroconversion was found more (50.47 ± 4.00, CI 41.31 to 49.47) in adult goats in comparison to the younger animals where it was 45.39 ± 2.08, CI 42.63 to 58.31. Presence of neutralizing antibodies in selected serum samples (n = 72) was investigated by serum neutralization test (SNT) against six bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes and BTV-1 was found as most predominant (65.27%) followed by BTV-16 (26.38%), BTV-10 (20.83%), BTV-9 and 23 (13.88%), and BTV-2 (6.94%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in Tripura to investigate the presence of BTV antigen and type-specific neutralizing antibodies in apparently healthy goats.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Batten, C.A., Henstock, M.R., Bin-Tarif, A., Steedman, H.M., Waddington, S., Edwards, L., Oura, C.A., 2012. Bluetongue virus serotype 26: infection kinetics and pathogenesis in Dorset Poll sheep. Veterinary. Microbiology. 157, 119–24.
Chand, K., Biswas, S.K., De, A., Sing, B., Mondal, B., 2009. A polyclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA for the detection of bluetongue virus in cell culture and blood of sheep infected experimentally. Journal of Virological Methods. 160, 189–192.
Darpel, K.E., Batten, C.A., Veronesi, E., Shaw, A.E., Anthony, S., Bachanek-Bankowska, K., Kgosana, L., Bin-Tarif, A., Carpenter, S., Müller-Doblies, U.U., Takamatsu, H.H., Mellor, P.S., Mertens, P.P.C, Oura, C.A.L., 2007. Clinical signs and pathology shown by British sheep and cattle infected with bluetongue virus serotype 8 derived from the 2006 outbreak in northern Europe. Veterinary Record. 161, 253–261.
De, A., Batabyal, S., Biswas, S.K., Chand, K., Singh, R.K., Mondal, B., 2009. Surveillance of bluetongue virus antibody in goats using a recombinant VP7-based indirect ELISA in the coastal saline area of West Bengal, India. Veterinaria Italiana. 45, 339–346.
Guimaraes, L.L.B, Rosa, J.C.C., Matos, A.C.D., Cruz, R.A.S., Guedes, M.I.M.C., Dorella, F.A., Figueiredo, H.C.P., Pavarini, S.P., Sonne, L., Lobato, Z.I.P., Driemeier, D., 2017. Identification of bluetongue virus serotypes 1, 4, and 17 co-infections in sheep flocks during outbreaks in Brazil. Research in Veterinary Science. 113, 87–93.
Joardar, S.N., Barkataki, B., Halder, A., Lodh, C., Sarma, D., 2013. Seroprevalence of bluetongue in north eastern Indian state-Assam. Vet. World, 6, 196–199.
Ma, J.G., Zhang, X.X., Zheng, W.B., Xu, Y.T., Zhu, X.Q., Hu, G.X., Zhou, D.H., 2017. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Bluetongue Virus Infection in Tibetan Sheep and Yaks in Tibetan Plateau, China. Biomed Research International. 5139703.
Martinelle, L., Dal Pozzo, F., Sarradin, P., Van Campe, W., De Leeuw, I., De Clercq, K., Thys, C., Thiry, E., Saegerman, C., 2016. Experimental bluetongue virus superinfection in calves previously immunized with bluetongue virus serotype 8. Veterinary Research. 47, 73.
Mauroy, A., Guyot, G., De Clercq, K., Cassart, D., Thiry, E., Saegerman, C., 2008. Bluetongue in captive yak. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 14, 675–676.
Oura, C.A.L., Wood, J.L.N., Sanders, A.J., Bin-Tarif, A., Henstock, M., Edwards, L., Floyd, T., Simmons, H., Batten, C.A., 2009. Seroconversion, neutralising antibodies and protection in bluetongue serotype 8 vaccinated sheep. Vaccine. 27, 7326–7330.
Rao, P.P., Hegde, N.R., Reddy, Y.N., Krishnajyothi, Y., Reddy, Y.V., Susmitha, B., Gollapalli, S.R., Putty, K., Reddy, G.H., 2016. Epidemiology of Bluetongue in India. Transboundary Emerging Diseases. 63, 151–64.
Sairaju, V., Susmitha, B., Rao, P.P., Hegde, N.R., Meena, K., Reddy, Y.N., 2013. Type-specific seroprevalence of bluetongue in Andhra Pradesh, India, during 2005-2009. Indian Journal of Virology. 24, 394–397.
Sharma, S., Gupta, D.K., Bansal, B.K., Uppal, S.K., Kumar, A., Mahajan, V., Kaur, H., 2016. Bluetongue in Bovines: A serological Survey in Punjab, India. Journal of Animal Research. 6, 975–977.
Zientara, S., Sailleau, C., Viarouge, C., Höper, D., Beer, M., Jenckel, M., Hoffmann, B., Romey, A., Bakkali-Kassimi, L., Fablet, A., Vitour, D., Bréard, E., 2014. Novel bluetongue virus in goats, Corsica, France, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 20, 2123–2125.
Acknowledgements
Authors are thankful to the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi and ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar Nainital, and Principal, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Tripura, for providing the necessary facilities.
Funding
This work was supported by the DBT Project Code BT/390/NE/TBP/2012.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
De, A., Das, T.K., Chand, K. et al. Seroprevalence of bluetongue and presence of viral antigen and type-specific neutralizing antibodies in goats in Tripura, a state at Indo-Bangladesh border of northeastern India. Trop Anim Health Prod 51, 261–265 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1672-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Version of record:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1672-x