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Jan 4, 2021 at 19:50 history edited Michael CC BY-SA 4.0
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Jan 4, 2021 at 11:37 comment added Michael @JhonnyS: If you zoom in you can see that a lot of it is actually unpopulated. Maybe the small board size also makes them appear more numerous. The back side is relatively empty: extreme.pcgameshardware.de/attachments/dsc_1558-jpg.1043292 so maybe more components on the front side than usual. I just picked this board as example because it doesn’t even have a chipset, but is still a complete, modern AMD Ryzen computer/mainboard.
Jan 4, 2021 at 11:23 comment added Andrew Morton @JhonnyS If that was a microATX board then it would have four PCIe slots. It has none. ASRock refer to it as "Small APU Form Factor", and it may be unique to them.
Jan 4, 2021 at 6:59 comment added Peter Cordes The ethernet PHY (physical layer) is normally also a separate chip, so it can do essentially analog things. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHY). Many of the I/O ports (audio like you mentioned, network, and maybe video), probably aren't wired directly to the chipset or the CPU, although the USB ports might be. So yes, "I/O stuff", and most of the work that a NIC does is integrated. Dealing with different voltage levels is AFAIK often a reason to have an interface chip of some kind; also maybe to reduce the chance of over-voltage damage on one port taking out the whole chipset.
Jan 3, 2021 at 21:30 comment added user0193 I believe this is ATX-micro board, and bit curious if the requirement to package too many components into tiny die necessitates the use of too many decoupling capacitors?
Jan 3, 2021 at 7:24 history edited Michael CC BY-SA 4.0
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Jan 3, 2021 at 7:18 history answered Michael CC BY-SA 4.0