What word means to make something obsolete?
For example, the automobile made the horse and buggy obsolete. How would the word obsolete be applied as a verb?
obsoleted
The automobile
obsoletedobsoleted the horse and buggy.
bleech.
made obsolete
The automobile
made obsoletemade obsolete the horse and buggy.
Not bad, but there's room for improvement.
EDIT: I'm looking for a verb that has an edge; that captures the upheaval and aggressiveness involved in displacing a product or industry. Killed is a bit strong.
killed
The automobile
killedkilled the horse and buggy.'
A bit overstated.
ran out of business
The automobile
ranran the horse and buggyout of businessout of business
marginally better, but still not good.
disrupted
the automobile
disrupteddisrupted the horse and buggy
Better applied to an industry, like so
the automobile
disrupteddisrupted the transportation industry in the early 20th century; particularly the horse and buggy.
Wordy.
smashed
The automobile
smashedsmashed the horse and buggy.
More along the lines of what I seek, but a bit improper.
XXX
The automobile
XXXXXX the horse and buggy.
What verb fits best here?
