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README.md

๐Ÿ“Š Data Overview

This directory contains the core data from the QUEST database.
It provides highly detailed information for each excited state, including both physical characteristics and computational results.

Subset Compounds Total Nature Transitions Total Safe 1โ€“2 atoms 3โ€“5 atoms 6โ€“9 atoms 10โ€“16 atoms S T D Q Valence Rydberg GD PD CT FL
Main 117 Organic & Inorganic 927 837 129 318 338 142 582 345 659 259 28 21 28 10
Rad 33 Open-shell 281 225 201 80 217 64 166 82 11 22
Chrom 18 Organic Chromophore 158 ~135 158 86 72 149 9 7
Bio 5 Nucleobases 56 ~51 33 23 35 21 40 16
TM 11 Transition metal diatomics 67 46 67 28 23 16 4
QUEST 184 1489 ~1294 397 398 371 323 731 461 233 64 1014 366 43 50 28 10

S, T, D, and Q refer to singlet, triplet, doublet, and quartet states, respectively.
GD, PD, CT, and FL denote genuine double, partial double, charge transfer, and fluorescence, respectively.


๐Ÿ“‹ Available Information

To assist users in identifying excited states using their preferred methodology, the QUEST database provides the percentage of single excitation involved in the transition (%Tโ‚), oscillator strength $f$, the extent of the electron cloud $\langle r^2 \rangle$, and dominant orbital contributions for all excited states, computed with reasonably high levels of theory. Additionally, $\langle S^2 \rangle$ values are provided for doublet and quartet states, along with the dominant orbital combinations.

Field Description Values / Notes
Molecular Size Number of non-hydrogen atoms Integer
Group Size group e.g., 35 (for 3โ€“5 heavy atoms)
Symmetry Label Symmetry of the excited state String (e.g., 1^1A1)
Spin Multiplicity Multiplicity of the excited state 1 = Singlet, 2 = Doublet, 3 = Triplet, 4 = Quartet
Nature of Excited State Nature of the electronic excitation V = Valence, R = Rydberg, M = Mixed
Type of Transition Orbital character of the transition ppi, npi, n3s, p3s, n3p, p3p, n4s, n4p, dou, n.d.
Special Features Flags for particular physical characteristics FL, PD, GD, wCT, sCT
%Tโ‚ Percentage of single excitation character Computed at CC3/aug-cc-pVTZ
Oscillator Strength (f) Transition intensity Computed at LR-CC3/aug-cc-pVTZ
TBE (aug-cc-pVTZ) Theoretical best estimate excitation energy Computed using composite methods
Method Composite method used to obtain the TBE/AVTZ value Composite scheme
TBE (aug-cc-pVQZ) TBE with larger basis set Includes extrapolation corrections
Corr. Method Correction applied to TBE/AVTZ value to get TBE/AVQZ value Obtained at least at the CC3 level
Chemical Accuracy Indicates whether the excitation is chemically accurate safe or unsafe
Vertical Excitation Energies Energies from various methods CIS(D), CC2, ADC(2), ADC(3), CC3, CCSDT, TDDFT-*, CASPT2, NEVPT2, etc. (see list below)

Dedicated files for subsets (see below) also include:

  • Additional computational methods and basis sets.
  • Molecular orbitals involved in each transition (orbital index starts at 1).
  • Spatial extent of the electron cloud $\langle r^2 \rangle$.
  • Expectation value of the spin operator $\langle S^2 \rangle$ for radicals.
  • Extra annotations for complex cases.

๐Ÿ” Special Feature Codes

Code Meaning
FL Fluorescence transition (Sโ‚ optimized geometry)
PD Partial double excitation (%Tโ‚ in 60โ€“80%)
GD Genuine double excitation (%Tโ‚ < 50%)
wCT Weak charge-transfer excitation
sCT Strong charge-transfer excitation

โš›๏ธ Supported Methods for Vertical Excitations

  • Wavefunction: CIS(D), CC2, EOM-MP2, STEOM-CCSD, CCSD, CCSD(T)(a)*, CCSDR(3), CCSDT-3, CC3, CCSDT
  • ADC: SOS-ADC(2)[TM], SOS-CC2, SCS-CC2, SOS-ADC(2)[QC], ADC(2), ADC(3), ADC(2.5)
  • Multi-reference: CASSCF, CASPT2, CASPT2 (No IPEA), CASPT3, CASPT3 (No IPEA), SC-NEVPT2, PC-NEVPT2
  • TD-DFT (if available): e.g., TDDFT-B3LYP, TDDFT-PBE0, etc.

๐Ÿงพ Example Entry

  [{
    "Molecule": "Water ",
    "Size": 1,
    "Group": 12,
    "State": "^1B_1",
    "Spin": 1,
    "V/R": "R",
    "Type": "n3s",
    "%T1 [CC3/AVTZ]": 93.4,
    "f [LR-CC3/AVTZ]": 0.054,
    "TBE/AVTZ": 7.626,
    "Method": "exFCI/AVTZ",
    "Safe ? (~50 meV)": "Y",
    "TBE/AVQZ": 7.672,
    "Corr. Method": "CCSDT",
    "CIS(D)": 7.168,
    "CC2": 7.234,
    "EOM-MP2": 7.577,
    "STEOM-CCSD": 7.564,
    "CCSD": 7.597,
    "CCSD(T)(a)*": 7.596,
    "CCSDR(3)": 7.597,
    "CCSDT-3": 7.605,
    "CC3": 7.605,
    "CCSDT": 7.591,
    "SOS-ADC(2) [TM]": 7.401,
    "SOS-CC2": 7.452,
    "SCS-CC2": 7.379,
    "SOS-ADC(2) [QC]": 7.23,
    "ADC(2)": 7.181,
    "ADC(3)": 7.842,
    "ADC(2.5)": 7.5115
  }]

๐Ÿ“‚ Files in This Directory

Filename Description
QUEST-All.xlsx Contains all the information listed above for each transition. Each subset described below is presented in a dedicated sheet.
QUEST-Main.xlsx Includes all results for relatively compact closed-shell molecules, typically containing 1 to 10 non-hydrogen atoms.
QUEST-Rad.xlsx A significant extension of our dataset for small organic and inorganic radicals, now including additional compounds, excited states, and a series of quartet excited states.
QUEST-Chrom.xlsx Covers excited states of large closed-shell organic chromophores with 10 to 16 non-hydrogen atoms, such as azobenzene, BODIPY, and naphthalimide.
QUEST-Bio.xlsx Presents previously unpublished data for five nucleobases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and uracil.
QUEST-TM.xlsx Contains results for 11 diatomic molecules featuring one transition metal (Cu, Sc, Ti, or Zn), covering both closed-shell and open-shell cases.

In addition, .json files, gathering the same information, are available for each molecule.


๐Ÿงฎ Active Spaces

The folder cas contains detailed information on the active spaces used in all CASSCF-based calculations. Each entry specifies:

  • The number of active orbitals per irreducible representation
  • The state-averaging scheme, including the number of states per symmetry
  • Systematic inclusion of the ground state, even across symmetries

Proper active space design is key for balancing electron correlation accuracy with computational efficiency. This metadata ensures full reproducibility and transparency in multiconfigurational treatments.


๐Ÿฅ— Diet Sets

This directory also includes an example of diet subset (located in the diet folder), which is carefully designed to reproduce the key statistical features of larger datasets while restricting data size. These size constraints make the subset well-suited for use with computationally demanding or inefficient methods, particularly during the early stages of method development.

The following subset is available:

  • 50 excitations across 20 molecules: diet_subset_50.json

This set is derived from the QUEST Main dataset, excluding unsafe and genuine double excitations (resulting in 824 transitions across 119 molecules). This filtered set of excitations can be found in filtered_main_set.json. The corresponding output file (diet_subset_50.out) generated using the quest-diet.py script is also provided, as well as the analysis of the excitations included in this diet subset (excitations_diet_subset_50.out and analysis_diet_subset_50.out).

Note 1: This diet subset is not unique. It is generated using a genetic algorithm, which is inherently stochastic โ€” meaning that operations like selection, crossover, and mutation involve random choices. As a result, running the quest-diet.py script multiple times (even with the same parameters) can produce different subsets of excitations. This variability allows for exploration of multiple near-optimal solutions, but it also means that results are not guaranteed to be reproducible unless a fixed random seed is explicitly set in the script or passed as a parameter.

Note 2: This set was obtained using a genetic algorithm that minimizes a scoring function incorporating the MAE, MSE, and RMSE of single-reference wave function methods. Multireference methods (e.g., CASSCF, CASPT2, and NEVPT2) are excluded. The script can be easily modified to target a different set of methods.

๐Ÿง  Notes

  • All data use atomic units unless otherwise specified. Notably, excitation energies are in eV.
  • The database is continuously expanded and refined following the "mountaineering strategy" for reaching high-accuracy benchmarks.