-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 18
/
Copy pathindex.html
142 lines (135 loc) · 5.83 KB
/
index.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=en>
<head>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<title>Ruby and Accessibility</title>
<script src='https://www.w3.org/Tools/respec/respec-w3c' class='remove' defer></script>
<script class='remove'>
var respecConfig = {
specStatus: "ED",
editors: [{
name: "Florian Rivoal",
company: "Invited Expert",
url: "https://florian.rivoal.net",
w3cid: "43241",
}],
authors: [{
name: "Toshi Kobayashi",
}],
github: "w3c/jlreq",
edDraftURI: "https://w3c.github.io/jlreq/docs/simple-ruby/",
prevED: "https://florian.rivoal.net/ruby/",
shortName: "ruby-accessibility",
alternateFormats: [{
uri: "ruby-rules-ja.pdf",
label: "Original Japanese (PDF)",
}],
localBiblio: {
JIS4051: {
title: "Formatting rules for Japanese documents (『日本語文書の組版方法』)",
publisher: "Japanese Standards Association",
date: "2004",
id: "JIS X 4051:2004",
},
},
noRecTrack: true,
group: "i18n",
};
</script>
<style>
.note figure img {
background: white;
padding: 0.5em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<section id='abstract'>
<p>Placeholder for information about ruby accessibility.</p>
</section>
<section id='sotd'>
<p><strong>The document Rules for Simple Placement of Japanese Ruby has been <a href="https://w3c.github.io/simple-ruby/">moved here</a>.</strong></p>
<p><strong>The information below about accessibility was removed from that document, and is retained here until it can be extended, at which point it will be published as a separate, accessibility-specific document.</strong></p>
</section>
<section>
<h2 id="ruby-and-accessibility">Ruby and Accessibility</h2>
<section>
<h3 id="accessibility-improvements-using-ruby">Accessibility Improvements Using Ruby</h3>
<p>Ruby plays a role in improving accessibility for people with visual impairments,
and other sources of reading difficulties.
Therefore, this section examines the relationship between ruby and accessibility.</p>
<p>Reading difficulties can be caused by a variety of factors,
and therefore, requirements to improve accessibility also vary.
For example, here are some common requirements:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>To accommodate young children who cannot read any kanji,
general-ruby must be added to all kanji.</p>
<aside class=note title="General-Ruby and Para-Ruby">
See <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/jlreq/#choice_of_base_characters_to_be_annotated_by_ruby">JLReq section “3.2.2 Choice of Base Characters to be Annotated by Ruby”</a> for an explanation of “general-ruby” and “para-ruby”. [[JLREQ]]
</aside>
</li>
<li>
<p>As studies progress, a greater number of kanji is known.
After having read general-ruby many times,
ruby on difficult kanji only becomes sufficient.
Therefore para-ruby on only some of the kanji is required.</p>
<aside class=note title="The Need for Ruby">
According to the results of the 2017 DAISY survey towards general users of textbooks,
61% of children require general-ruby.
Based on the same survey,
para-ruby is found to be sufficient for 32% of children.
This means that after having read general-ruby multiple times,
having ruby on difficult kanji only is found sufficient.
Moreover, printed textbooks use para-ruby,
and faithful digital reproduction is needed.
</aside>
<aside class=note title="Kanji Studied by Elementary and Middle School Students">
Kanji to be learned during primary school are defined in
the “Primary School Learning Guidelines”.
Those kanji are often called “educational kanji”.
In the list published in 2017,
1026 kanji are listed and spread across the various school years
according to the “Kanji Allotment Table by Grade”.
For middle school,
the split between each grade is undefined,
but students are required to study
the 1110 “characters in common use” no included in educational kanji
so as to have studied all 2136 characters in common use
by the end of middle school.
</aside>
</li>
<li>Some people have difficulties in visually distinguishing between
ruby characters and the base characters to which they are attached,
and misread the combination as a different character altogether.
There must be a display method that enables clearly distinguishing between the two.
Also, for those who already know how to read the kanji,
there must be a way to hide the ruby.</li>
<li>As inline parenthesised annotations can be used instead,
there is no strong need for double-sided ruby.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3 id="ruby-display-requirements-for-accessibility">Ruby Display Requirements for Accessibility</h3>
<p>Based on the above,
we can gather the following
ruby display requirements for accessibility:</p>
<ol>
<li>Support for general-ruby is required.</li>
<li>Support for para-ruby is required.
Moreover, as the number of kanji known increases with the level of studies,
based on the content and on the level of the reader,
it must be possible to only display ruby for kanji
assigned to a particular school year (or later).</li>
<li>Support for hiding ruby is required.</li>
<li>Considering the cost of production, distribution, and of user management,
it is necessary to support ruby-less display, general-ruby display, and para-ruby display
with the same content.</li>
<li>A method to clearly visually distinguish the ruby characters and their based characters,
such as displaying them in different colors,
is required.</li>
</ol>
</section>
</section>
</body>
</html>