Interfacial water is of crucial importance in biology and engineering. Here, the authors identify structural transitions of interfacial water at graphite surfaces under varying electric fields and environmental conditions.

The authors report the experimental observation of room-temperature condensation of exciton polaritons in quasi-2D layered crystals of halide perovskite, integrated into an open optical microcavity. These materials combine van-der-Waals properties with dominant exciton physics at room temperature.

The authors report an omnidirectional, strain-invariant MXene-based electronic system enabled by microgrid stiffness engineering, maintaining less than 5% performance variation under 40% tensile strain for battery-free physiological and blood pressure monitoring.

Electrocatalytic methane chlorination offers a greener route to chloromethane. Here, the authors report a RuO₂-based gas-convection electrode that enhances CH₄ mass transfer, giving higher CH₃Cl yield and faradaic efficiency than conventional gas-diffusion electrodes.

Hierarchical immobilization of multicomponent biomacromolecules is promising for constructing advanced biopharmaceuticals, but remains challenging. Here, the authors report a multicomponent synergistic approach integrating in-situ and dynamic exchange methods to construct hierarchical biopharmaceutical formulations.

The youngest lunar regolith from the Moon’s nearside and farside show similar particle shapes despite different origins, indicating that space weathering rapidly reaches saturation in shaping surficial lunar regolith within ~2.2 million years.

A harmonized life cycle assessment finds that bio-based plastic packaging lower greenhouse gas emissions but increases ecosystem damage mainly through land use. Beyond substitution, demand reduction and circularity are key to mitigating both impacts.

This study shows that circulating proteins mediate the health effects of air pollution on multiple diseases and proposes a protein-based risk score for prediction of pollution-related disease susceptibility.

BUC-95’s unique stretchable structure overcomes the inherent electron transfer limitations from Fe sites to peroxydisulfate and achieves the formation of Fe(IV) = O species, enhancing the ofloxacin degradation performance.

Researchers show that twisting SnS₂ nanosheets and anchoring single Ni atoms strengthens spin-orbit coupling, reshaping CO₂ photoreduction to favor ethane by generating and coupling methyl radicals from CO₂ and water.

How the human brain transforms visual input into meaningful object representations remains unclear. Here, the authors show that dense feature-based coding in the ventral temporal cortex is transformed into sparse, conceptual representations in the medial temporal lobe, revealing neural computational mechanisms of object recognition.

Using RAMPAGE across 115 human biosamples, this study maps over 26,000 transposable element–derived transcription start sites and shows how their evolutionary age and promoter features shape tissue-specific gene regulation in primates.

Composite-letter DNA data storage promises higher density but suffers from readout challenges. Here, the authors present a decomposable diamond constellation and an entropy-guided two-stage detection strategy, enabling reliable recovery at low sequencing coverage for high-density DNA data storage.

The complexity of the evolved metabolic networks of flavonoids complicates pathway elucidation and design. Here, the authors identify enzymes that modify isoflavan scaffolds from the genome and transcriptome data of Glycyrrhiza glabra, and reconstruct de novo glabridin biosynthesis in yeast.

TWIK-2 is an endolysosomal potassium channel implicated in inflammatory responses. Here, authors present a cryo-EM structure of human TWIK-2 and establish a high-throughput automated patch-clamp electrophysiology assay to investigate modulation of TWIK-2.

Painful bone growth after injury or surgery often goes undetected until it is advanced and treatment options are limited. Here, authors demonstrate that a blood test detecting gene expression profiles in isolated circulating mesenchymal progenitor cells could detect early signs of this condition and track treatment success.

Therapies combining chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown limited efficacy in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here the authors report the results of a pilot phase 1 trial of neoadjuvant modified Folfirinox plus nivolumab in borderline-resectable PDAC, including safety, efficacy and immunological correlates.

This study shows that circulating proteins mediate the health effects of air pollution on multiple diseases and proposes a protein-based risk score for prediction of pollution-related disease susceptibility.

Johnson et al. link ARIA, a complication of anti-amyloid therapy, to clonal expansion of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells with glycolytic reprogramming and vascular trafficking potential, with implications for biomarker development and risk mitigation.

Non-invasive strategies to detect and track activated myeloid cells will facilitate disease diagnosis and monitoring in patients affected by neuroinflammatory disorders. Here, the authors present 18F-FMD, a dendrimer-based PET tracer that detects and monitors activated myeloid cells at different stages (presymptomatic and symptomatic) of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice and in response to disease-modifying therapies.

When people dislike their options for candidates, they tend to refrain from voting rather than voting for the candidate they like best. Here, the authors show that this tendency to opt out of lose-lose choices is reduced when people are asked to reject the lesser candidate rather than select the better one.

The life expectancy of people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy is close to that of the general population but wider impacts of living with HIV are not well described. Here, the authors investigate the causal effect of receiving an HIV diagnosis on labour market outcomes using data from the Netherlands.

Earthquakes generate substantial carbon emissions from building damage repair and reconstruction. The study maps Europe’s seismic carbon risk, showing annual losses of 6.6 Mt CO₂e and providing tools for sustainable disaster planning.

Stone tools illustrate behavioural complexities in Middle Pleistocene hominin populations. Here, the authors present small dimensional flakes and hafted tools from Xigou, central China, dated to ~160–72 thousand years ago that demonstrate early, complex technological advancements.

China’s shale gas value chain can achieve net-negative carbon emissions through geological sequestration, offering a viable pathway for large-scale decarbonization in the energy sector.