Mathematics Stack Exchange Community Digest

Top new questions this week:

How far can an infinite number of unit length planks bridge a right-angled gap?

Problem: You are standing at the origin of an infinite flat earth. One quadrant of the earth is gone, leaving an infinite abyss. You have an infinite supply of unit-length zero-width planks. How far ...

sequences-and-series geometry convergence-divergence improper-integrals  
user avatar asked by The Guy with The Hat Score of 40
user avatar answered by mathperson314 Score of 14

What is $\lim_n \sqrt[n]{1+\cos(n)}$?

As I was going through some exercise list with limits, I found $\lim_n \sqrt[n]{1+\cos^2(n)}$. This is easy enough, since $\cos^2$ is bounded between 0 and 1, so a squeeze theorem argument lets us ...

calculus sequences-and-series limits  
user avatar asked by Bruno Stonek Score of 17
user avatar answered by Dermot Craddock Score of 22

Help with $\int_{0}^{\pi /4} x^3 (\sqrt{\tan (x)} + \sqrt{\cot (x)}) dx$

I want to evaluate $I=\int_{0}^{\pi /4} x^3 (\sqrt{\tan (x)} + \sqrt{\cot (x)}) dx\tag{0}$ Expressing with $\sin (x)$ and $\cos (x)$: $$ I = \int_{0}^{\pi /4} x^3 \frac{\sqrt{2}(\sin (x) + \cos (x))}{\...

definite-integrals  
user avatar asked by Md Iqbal Kotha Score of 12
user avatar answered by Dr. Wolfgang Hintze Score of 3

Can there be a continuous function with infinite derivative everywhere?

Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be continuous. For all nowhere-differentiable examples that I know of, for each $a\in\mathbb{R}$ there exist sequences $x_n\to a$ and $y_n\to a$ such that $$\frac{f(...

real-analysis derivatives continuity examples-counterexamples  
user avatar asked by pie Score of 11
user avatar answered by Martin R Score of 14

Does this characterize the product topology?

Let $X$ and $Y$ be topological spaces and let $\tau$ be a topology on the set-theoretic product $X \times Y$ such that: The first projection $p \colon X \times Y \to X$ is continuous and open with ...

general-topology fiber-bundles flatness  
user avatar asked by Jakob Werner Score of 9
user avatar answered by Joshua Tilley Score of 14

Measurable cardinal strongly inaccessible without AC

Let $\kappa$ be a measurable cardinal. I want to show that it is still inaccessible in ZF. Using ultrapower and Los I can show that it's inaccessible in ZFC, but that doesn't seem to work here $\dots$ ...

set-theory axiom-of-choice large-cardinals  
user avatar asked by L. R. Score of 9
user avatar answered by spaceisdarkgreen Score of 9

Why is there no Euclidean Algorithm for the least common multiple (lcm)?

The greatest common divisor (gcd) of two integers $a$ and $b$ can be computed with the Euclidean Algorithm. With the gcd known, one can compute the least common multiple (lcm) via the formula $\mathrm{...

elementary-number-theory algorithms intuition gcd-and-lcm euclidean-algorithm  
user avatar asked by Martin Score of 8

Greatest hits from previous weeks:

Can PA prove "each Goodstein sequence can be proven in PA to reach zero"?

This is one of a pair of questions trying to understand this comment on the xkcd forum contest My number is bigger than yours!. For a definition of Goodstein sequences, see this question. Let $G(n)$ ...

ordinals proof-theory peano-axioms  
user avatar asked by Kotlopou Score of 14
user avatar answered by btilly Score of 31

In which order do I graph transformations of functions?

In which order do I graph transformations of functions? The 6 function transformations are: Vertical Shifts Horizontal Shifts Reflection about the x-axis Reflection about the y-axis Vertical ...

algebra-precalculus graphing-functions  
user avatar asked by BlueMagic1923 Score of 15
user avatar answered by Ahmed S. Attaalla Score of 18

A loss and gain problem

This is a very simple but confusing puzzle. A customer buys goods worth $200$ rupees from a shop. The shopkeeper selling these goods makes zero profit from this purchase. The lady gives him a $1000$ ...

puzzle  
user avatar asked by constantlearner Score of 6
user avatar answered by fgp Score of 9

What is a simple example of a limit in the real world?

This morning, I read Wikipedia's informal definition of a limit: Informally, a function f assigns an output $f(x)$ to every input $x$. The function has a limit $L$ at an input $p$ if $f(x)$ is "...

calculus algebra-precalculus analysis limits applications  
user avatar asked by Hal Score of 28
user avatar answered by not all wrong Score of 33

What does the small number on top of the square root symbol mean?

I just came across this annotation in my school's maths compendium: The compendium is very brief and doesn't explain what this means.

algebra-precalculus notation  
user avatar asked by Hubro Score of 17
user avatar answered by Jakube Score of 19

How to simplify $\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x$ using trigonometrical identities?

$\sin^{4}x+\cos^{4}x$ I should rewrite this expression into a new form to plot the function. \begin{align} & = (\sin^2x)(\sin^2x) - (\cos^2x)(\cos^2x) \\ & = (\sin^2x)^2 - (\cos^2x)^2 \\ &...

trigonometry  
user avatar asked by Zauberkerl Score of 4
user avatar answered by juantheron Score of 7

In a family with two children, what are the chances, if one of the children is a girl, that both children are girls?

In a family with two children, what are the chances, if one of the children is a girl, that both children are girls? I just dipped into a book, The Drunkard's Walk - How Randomness Rules Our Lives, ...

probability faq  
user avatar asked by NotSuper Score of 119
user avatar answered by Peter Shor Score of 85

Can you answer these questions?

Is there a deconvolution of two Gaussians, which conserves area?

Is there a way to conserve area of two Gausians, such that $\int f(x)dx + \int g(x)dx = \int\left[ \int f(\tau)*g(x-\tau)d\tau\right]$? For context, I have stumbled upon a math problem in my lab and I ...

integration convolution deconvolution  
user avatar asked by Gustamons Score of 1

Restricted Factorizations Counting identities

Reading literature related to the problem of multiplicative partitions A001055 OEIS sequence (also named "factorizatio numerorum", "Oppenheim problem", "factorizations ...

recurrence-relations generating-functions  
user avatar asked by 24th_moonshine Score of 1

Preimage of generator is in sigma algebra

Let $A$ be a countable set of indices and for every $a\in A$ let $M_a$ be a $\sigma$-algebra on a non empty set $X_a$, generated by a family of subsets $\epsilon_a$, that is $M_a=\sigma(\epsilon_a)$. ...

measure-theory  
user avatar asked by zinne98 Score of 1
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