Spiral = snail shell.
Broccoli = fractal
-or- broccoli = decision tree (but a tree can also be a decision tree). Note that the slang term in the Navy for broccoli is "trees" (like sliders for burgers).
Wankel engine rotor has a similar curve-y triangle shape to the criticized coin above.
Saddle = saddle (3rd semester calc)
Drill chuck = truncated cone (also some of the internals of an automotive differential)
"Stadiums" for trapezoidal cylindrical shells (calculus volume of rotation problems)
Lots of other cool gear-type shapes (prop screw for a ship, pump lobes, camshaft, chevronic separators in boilers, tricone rotary drill bit). Not a 100% sure what they all correspond to math-name wise, but they definitely engage some wonder about shape to function. Lots of gears (e.g. in the differential, or a drill holder) are truncated cones.






