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    Partial cabinet reshuffles with the same prime minister really do not count. Change of prime minister within the same party with the new cabinet drawn from the same party/parties is slightly closer to the whole cabinet resigning but not really. So the most recent examples in the UK may be the wartime coalitions and the national governments in the 1930s. Commented Jun 7, 2025 at 15:58
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    @Henry the question just says "new cabinet", which all of these are. That's also why I added restrictions they may have had in mind. There are also likely more examples beyond those I have listed, but a single example would be sufficient to answer the question. Commented Jun 7, 2025 at 17:06
  • @Henry So what does count as a 'new' cabinet? Because under the UK system, the ministerial appointments are purely at the discretion of the PM, and thus tend to go to those who are prominent in the PMs political party (who also tend to hold party safe seats). So even after a general election cabinets don't tend to change that much, often less than reshuffles under the same PM. Commented Jun 9, 2025 at 0:16
  • @user1937198 Indeed - it mean what somebody using the phrase wants it to mean. In the UK the Cabinet is a sub-committee of the Privy Council and those the Prime Minister wants to invite are those who attend (and if they are not already privy councillors then they are made so). Clearly there is a new cabinet when the party in power changes as everyone is replaced, but after that it is shades of grey: some people would say only with a new PM, but even then with PMs from the same party some individuals may remain in the same post; others might say any change in effect creates a new cabinet. Commented Jun 9, 2025 at 0:28
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    The 1895-1905 Unionist goverment is also an example of a change of party outside an election. Commented Jun 9, 2025 at 8:03