Congratulations. All the best with your fathering. Existing answers should give you options, Laracasts is normally the first go-to stop (without any judgement of its content, I'd prefer stock Laravel docs still though from time to time, there is more with the Tailwind or Livewire manual, check which components you're actually using and RTFM nevertheless your constraints).
And if you really want to advance with Laravel — it has quick release cycles, not to mention those of the underlying PHP — don't get blinded by their polished error reporting and get a step debugger (xdebug) ready to use. In case you want to break within blade templates: xdebug_break()¹.
Another cheat is psysh [PSYSH] if you want to "tinker". Peek into their docs, very short and nice, easy to revisit.
You're short on time, therefore double-check you have your internet browser properly set up and it filters ALL the noise.
Run at least on PHP 8.x, for development PHP 8.x+1 (prefer highest x). Master Composer [COMPOSER], Laravel highly depends on it, if not recursively. Make use of a build manager.
In regard of d), free as as in free beer and freedom. Professionally speaking: put your money where your love is.
Just my 2 cents.
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xdebug_break() : bool — Emits a breakpoint to the debug client
- ² Laravel Tinker
- ³ PHP Manual Installation (Psysh)