Global impacts of recent IMO regulations on marine fuel oil refining processes and ship emissions
Abstract
Newly implemented IMO regulations require a significant reduction of ship emissions. Ship emission studies related to switching to low-sulphur fuels are thoroughly reviewed. Refinery processes to produce low-sulphur fuels require extra energy consumption. Scope for new regulations to be added to reduce particle number and methane slip. Future marine fuel mix needs to be involved to meet fuel regulations and emission reduction.
- Publication:
-
Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
- Pub Date:
- May 2019
- DOI:
- Bibcode:
- 2019TRPD...70..123C
- Keywords:
-
- bbl/d;
- Barrels of oil per day;
- BC;
- Black Carbon;
- CFR;
- Code of Federal Regulations;
- CH<SUB>4</SUB>;
- Methane;
- CO;
- Carbon Monoxide;
- CO<SUB>2</SUB>;
- Carbon Dioxide;
- CONCAWE;
- Oil Companies International Study Group for Conservation of Clean Air and Water in Europe;
- EC;
- Elemental Carbon;
- ECAs;
- Emission Control Areas;
- EGR;
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation;
- ELTs;
- End-of-life tyres;
- EPA;
- United Sates Environmental Protection Agency;
- EU;
- European Union;
- FAME;
- Fatty Acid Methyl Esters;
- FCC;
- Fluid Catalytic Cracker;
- GHGs;
- Greenhouse Gases;
- HC;
- Hydrocarbons;
- HCO;
- Heavy Cycle Oil;
- HDS;
- Hydrodesulphurisation;
- HFO;
- Heavy Fuel Oil;
- HTL;
- Hydrothermal Liquefaction;
- IARC;
- International Agency for Research on Cancer;
- IMO;
- International Maritime Organization;
- LCO;
- Light Cycle Oil;
- LNG;
- Liquefied Natural Gas;
- LSHFO;
- Low-sulphur Heavy Fuel Oil;
- MARPOL;
- Marine Pollution Convention;
- MDO;
- Marine Diesel Oil;
- MGO;
- Marine Gas Oil;
- N<SUB>2</SUB>O;
- Nitrous Oxide;
- NECAs;
- Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas;
- NO<SUB>x</SUB>;
- Nitrogen Oxides;
- OC;
- Organic Carbon;
- ODS;
- Oxidative Desulphurisation;
- PM;
- Particulate Matter;
- PN;
- Particle Number;
- RMB30;
- Hybrids Fuel;
- SCR;
- Selective Catalytic Reduction;
- SECAs;
- Sulphur Emission Control Areas;
- SO<SUB>x</SUB>;
- Sulphur Oxides;
- UN;
- United Nations;
- VOCs;
- Volatile Organic Compounds;
- WHO;
- World Health Organization;
- Shipping emissions;
- IMO regulations;
- Air pollution;
- Oil refinery;
- Heavy fuel oil;
- Alternative marine fuels