Occurrence, transformation, bioaccumulation, risk and analysis of pharmaceutical and personal care products from wastewater: a review
Abstract
Almost all aspects of society from food security to disease control and prevention have benefited from pharmaceutical and personal care products, yet these products are a major source of contamination that ends up in wastewater and ecosystems. This issue has been sharply accentuated during the coronavirus disease pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) due to the higher use of disinfectants and other products. Here we review pharmaceutical and personal care products with focus on their occurrence in the environment, detection, risk, and removal.
- Publication:
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Environmental Chemistry Letters
- Pub Date:
- December 2022
- DOI:
- Bibcode:
- 2022EnvCL..20.3883A
- Keywords:
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- Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs);
- Active pharmaceutical ingredients;
- Wastewater treatment plants;
- Environmental pollution;
- Human health risk assessment;
- COVID-19