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lang-bash
echo $messageshould becomeecho "$message". (The curly braces are mostly unneeded.) Note that if$messagebegins with a dash (hyphen) all bets are off when you try to useechoanywaymessage=$(echo ${tmppath})bemessage=$(cat "$tmppath")to get the contents of the temporary file rather then its namemktempandrm, even though Stéphane Chazelas posted the bare bones of that answer four years earlier. Please get into the habit of reading all the existing answers before you post a new one. It’s OK to post a new answer improving on a previous post (IMO, you did that), but you should cite any such previous posts. … (Cont’d)complex_command > "$tmppath"andrm -f "$tmppath"), and you don’t need any of those curly braces. (3) You could improve this answer by testing whethermktempsucceeded before you use"$tmppath".