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lang-bash
$SHELL ...command lines look slightly off to me (and I think it might be better to look at what sudo runs in terms of the arguments, not as a command line). Withsudo -u user -i bash -c 'a="b" ; echo $a', sudo gets the stringsbash,-c, anda="b" ; echo $a, and escapes and joins those intobash \-c a\=\"b\"\ \;\ echo\ $arunning that with$SHELL -c. (sudo doesn't see the single quotes, and doesn't add any.) There, in the command line of the middle shell is the unescaped$a. The command lines here make it appear it would expand before the middle shell runs.bash -cthe user is actually trying to run. I don't dare make that edit though, since I'm slightly afraid I might myself be lost in the forest of backslashes here)