Health Sciences

Introduction: Recently, there are great concerns regarding effects of high altitude hypoxia on postnatal rat testicular development which intern may affects spermatogenesis. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of high altitude hypoxia on plasma hormonal levels and haematocrit values. Method: This study was carried out at two different altitudes in the southern Saudi Arabia. Sixty neonate’s wistar rats were divided into two groups; control group (24) rats and hypoxic group (36) rats. Control Rats subdivided into six subgroups while hypoxic rats were subdivided into six groups. Blood samples were taken directly from the eye orbital vein. Hormonal levels and haematocrit values were measured on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 45. Result: Testosterone secretion in hypoxic rats compared to control showed marked reduction after postnatal day 21. Whereas, levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) measured at weeks 4, 5 and 6 of high altitude (HA)...

Background: Drugs and substance abuse is one of the commonest emerging public health problems among both adults and adolescents in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and prevalence of drugs and substance abuse among the students of a selected tertiary health institution in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: A multistage sampling technique was used during selection of the participants and the study was conducted for a period of 4 months (July to November, 2019). A total of 151 students from school of health technology Kano, Nigeria were recruited and the data was collected using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by the use of statistical software (SPSS version 20.0) and the results were presented in the form of figures and tables with frequencies and percentage. In addition, a statistical test of significance (x2 test) was applied to determine the significant associations between variables, p≤0.05 was considered statisticall...

Background: In Chile, a new law introduced in March 2012 lowered the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit for impaired drivers from 0.1% to 0.08% and the BAC limit for driving under the influence of alcohol from 0.05% to 0.03%, but its effectiveness remains uncertain. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of this enactment on road traffic injuries and fatalities in Chile. Study design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data were analyzed using a descriptive and a Generalized Linear Models approach, type of Poisson regression, to analyze deaths and injuries in a series of additive Log-Linear Models accounting for the effects of law implementation, month influence, a linear time trend and population exposure. A review of national databases in Chile was conducted from 2003 to 2014 to evaluate the monthly rates of traffic fatalities and injuries associated to alcohol and in total. Results: It was observed a decrease by 28.1 percent in the monthly rate of tra...

Parki wodne odgrywają istotna role w przestrzeni sportowo- rekreacyjnej Polski. Wiąze sie to ze specyfiką polskiego klimatu, w ktorym sezon kąpielowy dla kąpielisk otwartych jest ograniczony do krotkiego okresu lata. W ostatnich latach w związku z wykorzystaniem środkow funduszy europejskich mamy do czynienia z silną dynamiką wzrostu liczby tego typu obiektow. Dokladna ewidencja parkow wodnych napotyka na trudności metodologiczne co wynika z braku precyzyjnej powszechnie przyjmowanej definicji parku wodnego. Ogolem w Polsce znajduje sie ponad 600 zamknietych obiektow wodno-rekreacyjnych (baseny, plywalnie, parki wodne). Wedlug portalu internetowego www.parkiwodne.pl w Polsce znajdują sie 184 parki wodne. Ich rozmieszczenie  jest funkcją zapotrzebowania na tego typu obiekty, ktore najsilniej pojawia sie najcześciej u mieszkancow duzych miast. Najwiecej parkow wodnych w Polsce znajduje sie w wojewodztwach mazowieckim, dolnośląskim, malopolskim oraz śląskim. Parki te obok podstawowej funkcji zaspokojenia potrzeb w zakresie rekreacji wodnej wyposazone są w szereg innych obiektow rekreacyjnych: silownie, kregielnie, sauny, boiska wielofunkcyjne oraz elementow zaplecza noclegowego, gastronomicznego. The water parks in Poland play very important role in the recreational space. It is an effect of specifity of polish climate conditions which determine limited length of the bath season to short summer time. In the last years thanks to European founds is observed very intensive development of the polish water parks, The precise evidence of water parks in Poland is difficult cause by lack of precise definition of water park. The total number of closed objects for water recreation in Poland is about 600 (basins, water parks). The arrangement of water parks in Poland is determined by the human needs of water recreation and is generally common between the population of towns. The most of the water parks there are in the mazowieckie, dolnośląskie malopolskie and sląskie provinces. These parks play very important role in its basic role of water recreation and the water parks have a lot of others recreational objects as fitness, clubs, bowling, sport fields and others elements of accommodation, transport and gastronomic infrastructure.

Slupsk ze wzgledu na swoje polozenie w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie wybrzeza spelnia wazna role ośrodka tranzytowego, przejazdowego dla turystow udających sie do nadmorskich destylacji turystycznych środkowej cześci Pobrzeza Koszalinskiego. Pomimo istnienia w mieście szeregu atrakcyjnych walorow turystycznych jest ono odwiedzane sporadycznie przez turystow o czym świadczy niska na tle innych miast skala frekwencji ruchu turystycznego. W trakcie sezonu urlopowo-wakacyjnego miasto jest czesto odwiedzane w ramach krotkich wizyt jednodniowych przez turystow, ktorzy odwiedzają miasto przy okazji pobytu wypoczynkowego w jednej z nadmorskich miejscowości wypoczynkowych środkowej cześci Pobrzeza Koszalinskiego. Po sezonie urlopowo wakacyjnym miasto jest odwiedzane najcześciej przez indywidualnych turystow, ktorymi są w przewazającej mierze mlodzi podrozujący wlasnym samochodem osobowym mezczyźni w przedziale wieku 30-39 lat przyjezdzający do miasta w celach biznesowych na krotkie od 1 do 3 dni pobyty podejmowane indywidualnie bądź delegowani przez swoich pracodawcow. Analiza zroznicowania cech ruchu turystycznego w mieście dokonana na podstawie charakterystycznych cech turystow korzystających w trakcie pobytu w mieście z roznych obiektow zakwaterowani nie wykazuje bardziej istotnych roznic. Miasto jest postrzegane przez turystow poprzez pryzmat swojej lokalizacji w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie nadmorskich kurortow wypoczynkowych Pobrzeza Koszalinskiego, tranzytowe polozenie komunikacyjne. O atrakcyjności turystycznej samego miasta w glownym stopniu zdaniem badanych turystow decydują jego faktyczne walory zabytki gotyckiej, historyzującej oraz secesyjnej architektury oraz kameralny nastroj i interesujące polozenie geograficzne. Slupsk for its location next to the la costa play very important role as a transitional town for tourists coming to the coastal resorts in the middle part of the Pobrzeze Koszalinskie Region. In spite of attractiveness of Slupsk the town is very seldom visited by tourists what show the statistics of tourist traffic in the town. During the time of the holiday season the town is visites for short term, one day visits  by tourists coming to Slupsk spending theirs  holiday in one of the coastal resorts of the middle part of the Pobrzeze Koszalinskie Region. Ater the holiday season the town is most often visited by individual tourists, in majority by young people in the age 30-39 years coming to the town for the business purpose and staying in the town from 1 to three days. Theese tourists coming to Slupsk most often alone and sended by their chiefs. Analysis of the diversity of the tourist activity indicators made basing of the characteristic values of the tourists during their stay in the town doesn’t show the most important differs. The town is mentioned by tourists for its location in the neighbourhood  of the cpoastal resorts of the Pobrzeze Koszalinskie region, for its transitional location. The tourist attractiveness of the town is result of its attractions as sights, monuments of gotic, historic and art nouveau architecture styles, its quiet atmospfhere and interesting geographical location.

The study examined the influence of primary Health Care delivery services on the health status of rural dwellers in Abia State Nigeria. A sample size of 120 respondents selected via multi-stage random sampling technique was used. in selecting .Primary data generated using structured questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, means, pooled means, and KAP analysis respectively. Result showed a mean age of 25 years, 58.3% were male, and 75% were married. About 61.0% had secondary education, 58.3% were farmers/traders, and earned mean monthly income of N48, 250.00 and had a mean household size of 4 persons respectively. Majority (50.0%) owed water system toilets, and 58.3% sourced their drinking water from boreholes, 75.0% fed 32 meals/day and 83.3% were not registered with NHIS. Result further showed high (X = 3.03) level of awareness on seven out of eight PHC delivery service packages in the study area. Th...

One among the crucial parameter in the Human Resource Practices in every organization is the employee’s retention through the effective leadership.  Management has to ensure the proper engagement of their employees based on their ability. Due to improper handling of the employees, there witnessed a large amount employees turnover particularly in the banking and finance industry. Organization could not able to grasp the psychological behavior of those employees why they preferred leaving the organization. Taking this as a core problem, this study aim to find the mediatory role of employee’s psychological behavior between the leadership style and their job performance in the banking sector encompasses public, private, and foreign banks in India among 593 employees selected through a simple random sampling technique. The researcher has applied various important tools, and the result exposed the positive impact of leadership style with the obligation through employee’s psychological beh...

Development of a subcapsular liver hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an infrequent complication and rarely reported. Fourteen cases have been published with different etiologies including use of NSAID’s like Ketorolac during & after surgery, hemangiomas or small iatrogenic lesions aggravated by administration of ketorolac, coagulation dysfunction, traction injuries and pseudoaneurysms associated with cholecystectomy. We discuss one such case of Intrahepatic Subcapsular Hematoma following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, managed conservatively.

Background: Swimming can be defined as an activity in which a person practices a regulated Olympic sport in order to move as fast as possible through the water due to the propulsive forces generated by arm, leg, and body movements overcoming the resistance of water. Swimming is performed in either a supine or prone position with a bilaterally-symmetric motion and is influenced by buoyancy. In other words, it is nearly unaffected by gravity and requires the same muscle exertion of both the right and left extremities. Balance is considered to be an important component of motor performance tasks. It is controlled by the central nervous system with the help of input from the visual, tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular systems (5) Balance can be defined as a condition during which the body's center-of-gravity (COG) is maintained within its base of support (BOS). Methodology: In this study, 50 Competitive swimmers were included. 36 Male and 14 Female, with a mean age, height and we...

Facilitating young children’s participation in health care situations Background An initiative was given to perform a collaborative research project with health practices in Sormland on facilitating young children’s participation in health care situations. Departing from workshop with healthcare professionals conveyed that it is an ambiguous challenge to be in care situations with children since each situation depends on its participants; the child, the parents and the professionals. These findings were used in reflective forums to integrate theory and practice to broaden the professionals’ awareness of the child’s perspective in care situations. The project is inspired by a clinical application research (CAR) design, where scientifically trained researchers work with health care professionals, building a team to exchange experiences related to data collection, interpretations and the applicability of the results.The use of research involves a process of learning as well as engaging beliefs and actions, and these questions are foundational for the practice of clinical care. Such approach aims at facilitating the use of research in clinical practice, to reduce the eventual gap between theory and its practical application. The overall aim of the project is to facilitate young children’s participation in their health care situations Method and Material The CAR design involves understanding, interpretation and application. This means reflecting on care situations and being confronted with assumptions from theoretical perspectives as well as training an openness and awareness in caring encounters. The team work is in a continued progress and will last during 2014. The data analysis will then proceed.Result :Some preliminary result will be presented about the process and outcome of the clinical application research Clinical implications: This study may contribute to the stock of knowledge regarding the implementation of an interactive communicative device with the purpose to facilitate young children’s participation in their health care situations.

In this series of articles, edited by Erika Dyck and Lucas Richert bring law enforcement, healthcare, activists, and business leaders into conversation with historians as we consider the tenuous balance between consumers and regulators, the Canadian physician as unwanted gatekeepers, marijuana as a measure (and potential leveler) of inequities, and the rocky emergence of the medical marijuana industry. While much of the media coverage has pitted these players off against one another, we aim to enrich the dialogue by blurring these boundaries and developing some big picture analysis of the cannabis debates. See here http://activehistory.ca/waiting-to-inhale-marijuanas-past-and-future-in-canada/

BACKGROUND Nurses experience loneliness, anxiety, fear, fatigue, sleep disorders, and other physical and mental health problems due to their close contact with patients in cases of epidemic diseases. Among nurses in Turkey, we want to explore how anxiety, psychological health, and social isolation affect nurses' quality of life. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life (COVID-19 EQLS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1 and STAI-2), psychological health, and social isolation among nurses. It also aimed to identify whether the influence of trait anxiety, psychological health, and social isolation are stronger than the direct influence of state anxiety on nurses' quality of life during the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study design and STROBE guidelines were implemented. In this study, 638 nurses in Turkey were included using simple random sampling. The participants completed the STAI-1 and STAI-2 and COVID...

BACKGROUND: Neopterin is a soluble biomarker of monocyte activation and its increased concentration might be expressed in atherosclerosis. Until recently, there has been lacking of information on the prognostic role of neopterin in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The study was aimed at measuring the associations between elevated serum neopterin and increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events in ACS.METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study, recruited 71 ACS patients from January 31 through August 31, 2007 in Sanglah Hospital of Udayana School of Medicine, Denpasar – Bali. Cardiovascular events, such as: CV death, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke and recurrent myocardial ischemia were previously defined. Relative risk and survival rate were measured successively by Cox proportional model and Kaplan-Meier curve.RESULTS: Of 71 ACS patients aged 56.8 ± 9.5 years, 21 (29.5%) subjects underwent CV events. Overall mean followup was 151.6 (95% CI: 129.7 – 173.5) days. Baseline ch...