Formed in 2009, the Archive Team (not to be confused with the archive.org Archive-It Team) is a rogue archivist collective dedicated to saving copies of rapidly dying or deleted websites for the sake of history and digital heritage. The group is 100% composed of volunteers and interested parties, and has expanded into a large amount of related projects for saving online and digital history.
History is littered with hundreds of conflicts over the future of a community, group, location or business that were "resolved" when one of the parties stepped ahead and destroyed what was there. With the original point of contention destroyed, the debates would fall to the wayside. Archive Team believes that by duplicated condemned data, the conversation and debate can continue, as well as the richness and insight gained by keeping the materials. Our projects have ranged in size from a single volunteer downloading the data to a small-but-critical site, to over 100 volunteers stepping forward to acquire terabytes of user-created data to save for future generations.
The main site for Archive Team is at archiveteam.org and contains up to the date information on various projects, manifestos, plans and walkthroughs.
This collection contains the output of many Archive Team projects, both ongoing and completed. Thanks to the generous providing of disk space by the Internet Archive, multi-terabyte datasets can be made available, as well as in use by the Wayback Machine, providing a path back to lost websites and work.
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The Archive Team Panic Downloads are full pulldowns of currently extant websites, meant to serve as emergency backups for needed sites that are in danger of closing, or which will be missed dearly if suddenly lost due to hard drive crashes or server failures.

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I use the term "Arabian" here as a translation of Akkadian aribi and Greek Ἀράβιος and Ἂπαψ because it does not carry all the modern implications of the term "Arab". We know relatively little about the populations which were called "Arabian" by others in antiquity and it therefore seems safer to avoid any suggestion that they are necessarily identifiable in all respects with those we call "Arab" today.
The Journal of the Hakluyt Society
Before the Somali Threat: Piracy in the Ancient Indian Ocean2014 •
Piracy off the coast of Somalia has been a threat to international shipping since the early twenty-first century, but what we are witnessing today may appear as the latest manifestation of a phenomenon which already existed in antiquity. This paper collects together and analyses all surviving textual evidence relating to ancient piracy in the Indian Ocean in the Hellenistic, Roman and early Byzantine periods.
Long before Muhammed preached the religion of Islam, the inhabitants of his native Arabia had played an important role in world history as both merchants and warriors Arabia and the Arabs provides the only up-to-date, one-volume survey of the region and its peoples, from prehistory to the coming of Islam Using a wide range of sources - inscriptions, poetry, histories, and archaeological evidence - Robert Hoyland explores the main cultural areas of Arabia, from ancient Sheba in the south, to the deserts and oases of the north. He then examines the major themes of *the economy *society *religion *art, architecture and artefacts *language and literature *Arabhood and Arabisation The volume is illustrated with more than 50 photographs, drawings and maps.
The wealth of data on fishing and navigation recently dug out of the archaeological layers in harbours and other littoral sites on the Red Sea induced archaeologists to look for elements of comparison onto the people collectively labelled Ichthyophagoi, i.e. Fish-Eaters, by the Greeks, focusing on the writings of Nearchus of Crete and Agatharchides of Cnidus because of their detailed descriptions of the Ichthyophagoi peculiar way of life. Notwithstanding the general awareness of the strong ideological bias that led the Hellenistic writers to portray the Ichthyophagoi as a wretched and backward race, recent publications maintain the assumption that they correspond to the people who left shell middens and traces of fishing and other maritime activities in the archaeological sites of Arabia and the Red Sea. A closer reading of the Greek sources should prove such a correspondence simplistic, and reveal a more complex picture. Agatharchides certainly tapped his informations on the material culture of the Ichthyophagoi from the reports sailors made on the coastal adapted people of the Red and Arabian Sea making out on maritime resources for a living. But his description is also the product of Hellenistic geographic thought as well as of his personal disposition. This is clearly demonstrated by comparison with the concepts of the Ichthyophagoi expressed by other ancient authors, and their treatment of the social, economic and political ties between the populations of the Arabian and African littoral of the Red Sea. The diachronic study of the name Ichthyophagoi challenges the idea of an unequivocal correspondence between the archaeological remains and and the Ichthyophagoi as described by the Greek sources.
The present book does not consist in a concise Ancient History of the Emirates; it does not represent an effort of systematization of the textual sources relating to the ancient land of the Emirates. Furthermore, the ancient historical sources and the modern bibliography are not exhaustively discussed. However, this book is the first effort to incorporate two key subjects into the modern historiography of the pre-Islamic history of the Emirates: Meluhha and Gerrha. Meluhha is an ancient land known through Ancient Sumerian and Assyrian – Babylonian texts; due to the colonial involvement and owed to political needs of nationalistic character that were also instigated by the colonial academia of England and France into the political elites of the Indian subcontinent, Meluhha was falsely identified with the Harappa civilization cities in the Indus Delta area. References to Meluhha in Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets cover indeed a long period from the end of the 3rd millennium BCE down to the middle of the 1st millennium BCE. Gerrha is an ancient city known through Ancient Greek and Latin texts; it was a key point in the trade between the South and the North, the East and the West during in the Antiquity. However, similarly with Meluhha, Gerrha was falsely identified as located in the area of today’s Dammam in Saudi Arabia. References to Gerrha in Ancient Greek and Latin texts cover many centuries before and after the beginning of the Christian era. http://www.adlibris.com/se/bok/meluhha-gerrha-and-the-emirates-9783847385363 https://books.google.com.eg/books/about/Meluhha_Gerrha_and_the_Emirates.html?id=9WP1kgEACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Milk and Honey: Essays on Ancient Israel and the Bible in Appreciation of the Judaic Studies Program at the University of California, San Diego
Spice Roots in the Song of Songs2007 •
An Archaeological History of The Holy City of Makkah
Glimpses into the Pre-Islamic Archaeological History of Blessed Makkah & Arabia2021 •
The paper will review the information on sacred places and beings among some littoral societies of the Red Sea as recorded in the Greek and Latin sources. Sailors and merchants from Egypt and the Mediterranean witnessed ritual practices connected to the marine environment during their journeys throughout the 4th-2nd century BC. These involved environmental features tied to the daily life of the local populations as well as to their thought: coastal shrines, special places, sea animals and marine phenomena. Although scanty and manipulated by ancient observers and geographers, these data can still provide an insight into their ideological representation of the man-sea relation. To further explore the theme, the paper will compare this information to similar records of man's intimate ties with the sea and its creatures from the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea.

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TOPOI. Orient‒Occident. 2012. 11.
The Coastal Arabia and the Adjacent Sea-Basins in the “Periplus of the Erythraean Sea” (Trade, Geography and Navigation)University of King Saud
Clysma in the Literary and Documentary Arab Sources, in Arabia, Greece and Byzantium Cultural Contacts in Ancient and Medieval Times, 20132013 •
Topoi: Orient-Occident
The Nabateans in the Early Hellenistic Period : The Testimony of Posidippus of Pella2006 •
Foreign Sailors on Socotra. The Inscriptions and Drawings from the Cave Hoq / Ed. I. Strauch. Hempen Verlag: Bremen, 2012 (Vergleichende Studien zu Antike und Orient. 3). Р. 494–500; 501–539.
Mediterranean World and Socotra. 1. Greek Inscriptions at Ḥoq. 2. Greeks on Soqoṭra. Commercial Contacts and Early Christian MissionsThe Journal of the Hakluyt Society
The Discovery of Tropical Mangroves in Graeco-Roman Antiquity: Science and Wonder2011 •
Oman and overseas eds. Michaela Hoffmann-Ruf and Abdulrahman Al-Salimi
Omani Seafaring Identity before the Early 1600s: Ethnic and Linguistic Diversity in Oman and Overseas, eds. M Hoffmann-Ruf and A Al-Salimi2013 •
2022 •
Graeco Indica
India and Greece from Alexander to Augustus2010 •
Bonfante, ed., The Barbarians of Ancient Europe
Greek Geography of the Western Barbarians2011 •
Journal of the Indian Ocean Archaeology. 2009‒2010.
Roman Penetration into the Southern Red Sea and the Aksumite Campaign in West Arabia (Reconsideration of the Latin Dedicatory Inscription from the Farasān Archipelago). Part I