Outside of the answers given by WestOfPecos and AndreiROM, the Ruler is going to encounter three other issues which will make the task almost impossible.

Problem one is that very large systems like ecosystems, climate, markets, societies etc. are complex adaptive systems, where inputs and outputs are not linear or temporally connected. A push here might result in an output there that is 10X the initial push, or 1/15th of the initial push or some other figure altogether. The output might not even be seen for a period measuring seconds to centuries (depending on the complexity of the system and numbers of intermediary nodes in the system). Chaos theory (which is related) also suggests that even knowing the starting conditions will not allow you to predict the outcomes. The Ruler might think it is making a correct adjustment to the push at point "A" only to discover the next push results in an outcome at point "F", rather than "B" as desired.

Problem the is called the "Local Knowledge Problem". As described by F.A.Hayek, it stipulates that information is distributed across large systems, and only local actors with direct observation can act or react quickly enough to a bit of fleeting information to properly take advantage of it. Large centralized systems require the information to be recorded, passed up the chain of communications, analyzed, a decision made and orders passed back down the chain for action. By this point, the initial conditions have passed and the ordered actions are less or even no longer relevant. This is actually the reason that free markets always outperform command economies.

I note that you have made some allowances in your question for local autonomy, but since the sub agents are by design subordinate to the Ruler and will have to make reports and carry out orders, there will always be some "drag" in the system due to the local knowledge problem.

The final issue is latency. Since the Ruler is at the head of a Solar System wide/interstellar polity, there will be considerable delays in passing information from the various sub agents, either due to the speed of light or due to the limitations of bandwidth available in any FTL communications system (I'm sorry, the Ruler is busy with calls right now. Please stay on the Ansible and the Ruler will get to your call as soon as possible. This call may be recorded for training or quality control purposes....) and of course how much bandwidth and processing power the Ruler itself has. There could be considerable time delays in passing and processing information, in addition to the local knowledge problem, which will also create friction in the system.

The Ruler should know all of this, of course, but there will be no way to avoid or work around these issues. Even if the sub agents are rigidly programmed and all communications channels are error free (another issue, see communication theory), there will always be induced errors and feedback loops in the system caused by the non linearity of the system, the local knowledge problem and latency in the system. The worst case outcome is a craptacular system where everything sort of shuffles inefficiently along much like the waning days of the Soviet Union on an interstellar scale.

Outside of the answers given by WestOfPecos and AndreiROM, the Ruler is going to encounter three other issues which will make the task almost impossible.

Problem one is that very large systems like ecosystems, climate, markets, societies etc. are complex adaptive systems, where inputs and outputs are not linear or temporally connected. A push here might result in an output there that is 10X the initial push, or 1/15th of the initial push or some other figure altogether. The output might not even be seen for a period measuring seconds to centuries (depending on the complexity of the system and numbers of intermediary nodes in the system). Chaos theory (which is related) also suggests that even knowing the starting conditions will not allow you to predict the outcomes. The Ruler might think it is making a correct adjustment to the push at point "A" only to discover the next push results in an outcome at point "F", rather than "B" as desired.

Problem two is called the "Local Knowledge Problem". As described by F.A.Hayek, it stipulates that information is distributed across large systems, and only local actors with direct observation can act or react quickly enough to a bit of fleeting information to properly take advantage of it. Large centralized systems require the information to be recorded, passed up the chain of communications, analyzed, a decision made and orders passed back down the chain for action. By this point, the initial conditions have passed and the ordered actions are less or even no longer relevant. This is actually the reason that free markets always outperform command economies.

I note that you have made some allowances in your question for local autonomy, but since the sub agents are by design subordinate to the Ruler and will have to make reports and carry out orders, there will always be some "drag" in the system due to the local knowledge problem.

The third and final issue is latency. Since the Ruler is at the head of a Solar System wide/interstellar polity, there will be considerable delays in passing information from the various sub agents, either due to the speed of light or due to the limitations of bandwidth available in any FTL communications system (I'm sorry, the Ruler is busy with calls right now. Please stay on the Ansible and the Ruler will get to your call as soon as possible. This call may be recorded for training or quality control purposes....) and of course how much bandwidth and processing power the Ruler itself has. There could be considerable time delays in passing and processing information, in addition to the local knowledge problem, which will also create friction in the system.

The Ruler should know all of this, of course, but there will be no way to avoid or work around these issues. Even if the sub agents are rigidly programmed and all communications channels are error free (another issue, see communication theory), there will always be induced errors and feedback loops in the system caused by the non linearity of the system, the local knowledge problem and latency in the system. The worst case outcome is a craptacular system where everything sort of shuffles inefficiently along much like the waning days of the Soviet Union on an interstellar scale.