A hard sphere is bad, no no, it has to be not hard, it has to be flexible. More thsnthan that - it has to be active and actively interact with the shock wave, and extract energy.
A of a25bedc5-3d09-41b8-82fb-ea6c353d75ae is a good answer, because it suggests an energy extraction mechanisms for that whole situation.
More than that, they might use the supernova blast and for energy and for building that super QC system. They will have plenty of material, rich with heavy elements, in volumes hard to find in other parts of the universe and more importantimportantly, hard to collect in one place (takes a long time, or special circumstances, like a super massive black hole in the middle of a galaxy).
Even more important than energy is that they will have a possibility of having a black hole (if the chosen star is good), as the result of such explosion. Using which can be used for extractingit is possible to extract energy from the matter they can obtain in the location - around stars and from remains of this star, with much more greater yield and other star systems. (10-100 more), at Matter of energy conversion could have a good efficiency like $\small 0.5 \times mc^2$(if my calculations and assumptions are correct) and potentially have a much greater yield than the explosion of supernovae itself over time.
And those objects (Supernova remains + BH or NS) are valuable resources, so even if you have one, you might want to have more of them, and they are rare enough. This place might startbegin to be a place of force on a local scale (1000's ly) for them. Yes, you might get cold remains of such event of in the past, it will still valuable but it'scould be a looong journey to power, but with all or most of remains of super nova it will be really very attractive place in therms of energy and matter, and it makes great sense to overcome all difficulties on the way to obtain it and handle the situation in more sophisticated way.
This antimatter spear part also isn't bad too, might work, there will be a lot of radiations, but a shield from planetsfor a planet might work too. No need to annihilate everything on way, just slight change of impulse to form a shadow cone. Move planet, all planets, probably rob near by systems for all heavy materials (from stars too) (not necessary), add more H He to the star to make it blast when you need it, not when it wishwishes(at least ability to tune process a bit, and capture more neutrons, easy to burn thermonuclear fuel is also useful stuff, not easy to make, fast and in quantity).
Just a regular matter spear will work the same way as antimatter speciallyespecially if you accelerate it to 20000 km/s(not necessary, just saves some mass in exchange tofor energy neededrequirements), in case if you wish to protect a planet, butand it is more cheaper then antimatter, and easier to obtain. Same way as Ablation. So saving a planet as a bioreactor is possible. (also wave of matter from such blast is a plasma, thus using magnetic field helps to protect such spear and reduce its ablation losses)
Distance is good not only because energy density decreases proportionally to $\small \sim 1/r^2$, but also because blast wave is not energy-velocity monochromatic, so this way it will grow more gradual at a bigger distance.
Also, some separation of materials by atom weights might happen, because of acceleration mechanisms (light pressure and such), we do not need all elements equal, some we need first, and it's would nice to use that possiblythe possible situation for our advantage.
Also, this way we might focus jets in tointo nearby stars where we have also systems waiting for actions, whichby focusing shockwave into Hydrogen Helium jets(after removing heavy elements, and because we might not need light elements). This will focus thatthe energy of the blast and disassembleallow star lifting using that energy, this when those jets arrive in star systems around. This way we might convert nearby stars to clouds (1000's of them) which we might to transport to our BH, later. Star lifting or complete disassembly and converting a star to a cloud by using the energy of a star itself is a million's million's year process and because of that using energy of supernovae in form of those jets to speed up the process is a good idea. There are also other tricks which could be possible with those jets, as redistribution of the impulse of that shockwave matter in jets and keep our shell momentum intact(or near so) which is one of the great problems in the situation. By using the energy of the incoming wave, to accelerate some part of it to let's say near 1c velocity. It helps to leave a significant portion of the matter from the star in its system, 98% of it, and focus the energy of the blast in 2% of the matter and near 1c speed, thus it will arrive to systems we would like to disassemble much faster, 50 times faster than it would be if we just focus 20'000 km/s jets as it is. Sure efficiency will not be 100%, but it could be closer to that than one could expect in the situation.
With the help of the BH and the stars around and tools, this wave can be stopped in reasonable time.
The remains of the supernova, in the form of a BH or maybe a neutron star, in worse case (or it just another possibility also good one, I even do not know what to choose neutron start(NS) or BH, give me both) will be a great help in stopping the wave.
Also, a great way is to launch expansion across galaxy at 0.99c speeds, or fly to SMBH for goals like this answer Why would a civilisationcivilization choose to inhabit a single enormous vessel instead of maintaining interstellar colonies?
So yes, supernovas and possibilities they offer are really attractive, but people plz plz do it goodwell this time, not like it was with planets (ships searching planet with live and bananas to eat, 1960-70-80-...-novadays) - let's do it right this time))
A supernova starting from 10 mass of sun, so at 100'000 A.U. average amount of matter flow trough sphere from star will be 0.00704 kg/m2 (or one cubic centimeter of iron), and if wave will spread during 15 year of travel, in a way let say it begins at 15y mark and ends (kinda) at 16y mark - this value per second will be much less then that (just high speed dust), but more constant pressure. We might do a lot of things with that density flow at 20000 km/s or even more, even in case of hypernova (10 times more mass).
One of your priorities is to isolate remain BH or NS as soon as possible, to preventprevent matter being lost in accretion processes. It's more important thenthan even catching all of the shock wave, because it might make BH and NS inaccessible for out tools in the future, for a longer period of times then we might wish.
Isolating and lifting matter around a BH (NS) is a great way to utilize some energy of shock wave, this way we may catch more and easier.
Again, clearing the area around the BH (NS) is important - it's our anchor for the operation.A spear is a good way to clear path to internal olume/guts of the explosion, shortshortly after the blast, before wave will come to soap bubble sphere.
A sphere dodoes not have to be tick, it's not a wall stopping shock wave - it's like mesh-net with soap bubbles
15 years is more than enough time to cool down for shock wave Supernova, Light curves.
Very important moment, this Supernova, Energy output :
Only 0.1 foe (1foe=1044J) or less in form of gamma rays and other forms of radiation, even for hypernova, most energy is in form of kinetickinetic energy of ejected mass.
Another important moment, the result of the blast are heavy elements, and after some years they already below melting points, and to contain them in compact form, soap bubbles do not need noto apply any force forto do that. So even parts we did not stopped may be kept compact in travel, so we will catch them as single piece later
More important we do not need soap bubbles, at all, just channels where we forming sticks from that shock wave media, yes, at 20000 km/s speed. Most of elements are Al, Si and below. R-process
How big, by mass, would that sphere has to be?
Good question. In the "move a planet"-question, there was a pressure of gases, and sphere's used there are rather small, and they needed 1% by mass for active surface(shell) with 1bar pressure inside. EfficiencyThe efficiency of the solution is better with size, so with 100'000 (30 millionsmillion km) times bigger, it will be 1%/100'000, so 1/10'000'000 mass of the star. (Volume grows $\small \sim r^3$, thickness, and mass $\small \sim r^2$, so the mass of content grows faster themthan the mass of the shell.)
But in the case of supernova remains there is no pressure to contain (solids, with a high metingmelting point, mostly, pretty cool after 15 years), we have just press dust in tointo solid sticks fast enough, so even less thenthan that. (Yes, we will catch them later, in nearby star systems.)
So exchanging one Gas giant for carbon in the star prior the blast (until there is some carbon and it didn't burned out) is a good idea and that's enough. So probably even no need to rob nearby systems.
Those sticksticks we pressed, they will need some help to collect together during flight and focus their force on near by systems to evaporate stars, and yes we have to add enough of active material to accomplish that, but I think we still good with one GG.
Hypernova are not so good, as I wished, they might implode without ejecting materials, not so good, we wish ejected material.
20'000 km/s is from Normal Type Ia:
An outwardly expanding shock wave is generated, with matter reaching velocities on the order of 5,000–20,000 km/s, or roughly 3% of the speed of light.All energy of the blast, all 1046J (hypernova) might be stored in form of kinetic energy around black hole(potentially, not sure about tool, BH 30km radius may be too small for tool to do that, will leak - too small holeBH, SMBH is better in that sense), but not around NS
Do not sell or exchange information with them if they are farther thenthan 2000ly away, and you have doubts you will get from them what you agreed for.
Ask for 10% of QC power
If they are closer then 300ly and the problem is let's say today(our time), sell it any wayanyway(are trustworthy or not) ask for 30%.
If Venus is disassembled and they are closer thenthan 1000ly, ask for the whole system, they might solve what they wish and take planet if they wish, and sell in case if they trustworthy(but take a hefty price, do not be cheap in the case, in all of those cases).
If they did't payeddidn't pay after the event, it can mean 2 types of problem. One is big - they are not trustworthy, it will be The Pain, if even possible at all to get them from that system. SecondThe second problem is not a problem, needs to check plans.
