1963; see Beatles + mania.

In September [1963], the Beatles played the Royal Albert Hall in London, and in October they had top bill on "Val Parnell's Sunday Night at the Palladium" show. Fans lined up all day on Argyll Street outside the Palladium for a glimpse of the boys, a phenomenon that was unprecedented at that time. Hundreds of extra policemen were called in to deal with the crowd, and some later estimated that as many as 2,000 girls mobbed the band as they tried to enter the theater. ... All major British newspapers headlined the story the next day, and the term "Beatlemania" was coined to describe the frenzy and hysteria that fans exhibited over the Beatles. [Jacqueline Edmondson, "John Lennon: A Biography," 2010]

system of Romanized spelling for Chinese, 1963, from Chinese pinyin "to spell, to combine sounds into syllables," from pin "put together" + yin "sound, tone." Adopted officially by the People's Republic of China in 1958. Outside China gradually superseding the 19c. Wade-Giles system (Mao Tse-tung is Wade-Giles, Mao Zedong is Pinyin).

1963, from French tiers monde, formulated 1952 by French economic historian Alfred Sauvy (1898-1990) on model of the third estate (French tiers état) of Revolutionary France; his first world (The West) and second world (the Soviet bloc) were less successful.

"a contradictor, one that is by nature in opposition to prevailing opinions, or the shibboleths of the majority," 1963, from contrary + -ian.

To be in opposition is not to be a nihilist. And there is no decent or charted way of making a living at it. It is something you are, and not something you do. [Christopher Hitchens, "Letters to a Young Contrarian," 2001]

Latin contrarius (adj.) also was used as a noun meaning "an opponent, an antagonist." In English history, contrariant (from French, from Medieval Latin contrariantem) was the name given to Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and the barons who took part with him in the rebellion against Edward II, "because, on account of their great power, it was not expedient to call them rebels or traitors" [Century Dictionary].

by 1963 in moral philosophy, "the view that moral judgments are prescriptions;" by 1977 in reference to language, "the belief that the grammar of a language should conform to its rules," hence often in a hostile sense, "belief that one variety of a language is superior to others and should be promoted, attempt to establish or maintain rules defining preferred or correct usage;" see prescriptive + -ism. Related: Prescriptivist.

type of electronic musical instrument, 1963, from mello(w) + (elec)tron(ic).

1963, short for Papanicolaou (1947) in reference to George Nicholas Papanicolaou (1883-1962), Greek-born U.S. anatomist who developed the technique of examining secreted cells to test for cancer.

cocktail made with tequila and citrus fruit juice, 1963, from the fem. proper name, the Spanish form of Margaret. Earlier in English it meant "a Spanish wine" (1920).

1963, initialism (acronym) from "American Standard Code for Information Interchange."

1963, "the Mafia in America," Italian, literally "this thing of ours."