Beware Of This Common And Dangerous Plant When Visiting New York State

New York State's diverse landscape is a magnet for outdoor enthusiasts. However, amidst the natural beauty lurks a perilous plant you might not know can cause serious damage, the giant hogweed. Giant hogweed is an invasive species originally from Eurasia. Unfortunately, it has established itself across the state, posing significant health risks. It thrives in dense, moist soils, and is commonly found in open fields, wooden areas, along roadsides, and near water sources such as streams and rivers. Giant hogweed can also be found in your own yard.

For your own safety, you should learn how to identify giant hogweed, instead of relying on plant identification apps.  It can reach 15 and 20 feet in height and its compound leaves may span up to 5 feet in width. During midsummer, it produces large, umbrella-shaped clusters of white flowers known as umbels, which can reach up to 2.5 feet across. It also has strong stems, which you can identify by their dark purple patches and raised nodules.These are distinctive features which should set it apart from similar plants like cow parsnip, so you can keep safe. According to New York State's Department of Environmental Conservation, giant hogweed is a "Federally listed noxious weed," making it illegal to sell, import, purchase, transport or propagate it.

This aggressive plant spreads rapidly, often outcompeting native species and disrupting ecosystems. It reproduces via seeds — each plant can produce up to 120,000 – that can be carried by wind or water. 

Giant hogweed isn't deadly, but it can be extremely painful. The primary danger lies in its translucent, thin sap, which contains toxins that can cause severe dermatitis. When this sap comes into contact with human skin and is subsequently exposed to sunlight, it can cause severe burns and skin reactions. Symptoms typically emerge within 48 hours and include redness, itching, and the development of large, painful blisters that resemble burns. In some cases, affected areas may result in scars for years. If the sap enters the eyes, it has been reported it can lead to temporary or even permanent blindness.

If you suspect contact with giant hogweed, immediate action is vital. Wash the area thoroughly with soap and cold water, and avoid sun exposure to mitigate the reaction. Should irritation or blistering occur, seek medical attention promptly. The sooner the affected skin is protected from UV exposure, the better the chances of preventing long-term damage. If sap gets into your eyes, rinse them immediately with water and seek medical help.

When exploring New York's natural areas, wearing protective clothing such as long sleeves, pants, and gloves can help minimize the risk of exposure. If you encounter giant hogweed, do not attempt to remove or cut it down yourself. Improper handling can release sap and increase the risk of exposure. Instead, report sightings to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), which has trained crews to safely remove infestations.