Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP) inflation rate of the European Union from January 2002 to December 2025, by category

In December 2025, energy prices decreased by approximately 1.1 percent in the European Union, when compared with a year earlier, according to the harmonized index of consumer prices. This represents a change compared to the dramatic deflation of energy prices experienced between September 2023 and April 2024. During December 2025, the inflation rate for food prices was  3.1 percent, while in non-energy industrial goods, costs were estimated to have gone up by 0.5 percent. For services, prices in December 2025 have increased by 3.8 percent compared to the previous year.