std::initializer_list

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <initializer_list>
 
template<class T>
struct S {
    std::vector<T> v;
    S(std::initializer_list<T> l) : v(l) {
         std::cout << "constructed with a " << l.size() << "-element list\n";
    }
    void append(std::initializer_list<T> l) {
        v.insert(v.end(), l.begin(), l.end());
    }
    std::pair<const int*, size_t> c_arr() const {
        return {&v[0], v.size()};  // list-initialization in return statement
    }
};
 
template<typename T>
void templated_fn(T) { }
 
int main()
{
    S<int> s = {1,2,3,4,5}; // direct list-initialization
    s.append({6,7,8});      // list-initialization in function call
    std::cout << "The vector size is now " << s.c_arr().second << " ints:\n";
    for(auto n : s.v) std::cout << ' ' << n;
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    std::cout << "range-for over brace-init-list: \n";
    for(int x : {-1, -2, -3}) // the rule for auto makes this ranged for work
        std::cout << x << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    auto al = {10, 11, 12};   // special rule for auto
    std::cout << "The list bound to auto has size() = " << al.size() << '\n';
 
//    templated_fn({1,2,3}); // compiler error! "{1,2,3}" is not an expression,
                             // it has no type, and so T cannot be deduced
    templated_fn<std::initializer_list<int>>({1,2,3}); // OK
    templated_fn<std::vector<int>>({1,2,3});           // also OK
}