Understanding if statement within loop

Question

I'm working through some examples from Treehouse via the Python course, and I'm having a hard time understanding the code below.

As far as I can tell we are looping through "You got this!". However, I'm not sure what the if statement is actually doing; can someone explain this to me?

for letter in "You got this!":
    if letter in "oh":
        print(letter)

Answer 1

for letter in "You got this!":

Will loop through every letter in the string:

first iteration: Y
second iteration: o
third iteration: u ....you get how this works

During each loop (or iteration), if the letter is either an 'o' or an 'h', it will print that letter.

Answer 2

So it runs through each letter in "you got this" and if the letter is "o" or "h" it prints it. I ran the code in my IDE and this is the conclusion I came to. My code printed o o h

Answer 3

letter in "oh" is really just a (IMHO misleading) shorthand for letter in ['o', 'h']

Answer 4

The comment are the explanations:

for letter in "You got this!": # Iterating trough `"You got this!"` (so 1st time `'Y'` 2nd time `'o'` 3rd time `'u'` ans so on...)
    if letter in "oh": # checking if the letter is `'o'` or `'h'`, if it is, print it, other wise go to the next one
        print(letter) # printing it

So that's why the output of this is:

o
o
h

See: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_for_loop.htm

Answer 5

First, you are iterating each character in the string "You got this!", that is the purpose of the for loop. This is something that you have clear, as you have stated.

Second, in this case, the if statement basically is saying:

If the current letter is in the string "oh" execute the following indented line.

Therefore, the statement print(letter) will be executed if the value of letter at the current iteration is either "o" or "h".