标准库标头 <stdlib.h>
来自cppreference.com
此标头是程序支持工具库的一部分,特别是,它提供用于程序终止、内存管理、字符串转换、随机数生成的函数。此标头还提供了一些算法。
函数 | |
引发非正常的程序终止(不清理) (函数) | |
引发正常的程序终止并清理 (函数) | |
(C11) |
引发正常的程序终止但不完全清理 (函数) |
(C99) |
引发正常的程序终止但不清理 (函数) |
注册一个要在调用 exit() 时调用的函数 (函数) | |
(C11) |
注册要在调用 quick_exit 时调用的函数 (函数) |
表示程序的执行结果 (宏常量) |
本节未完成 原因:Add more from 7.24 General utilities <stdlib.h> |
[编辑] 概要
本节未完成 原因:Add more from B.23 General utilities <stdlib.h> |
#define __STDC_VERSION_STDLIB_H__ 202311L // TODO: types and macros void call_once(once_flag* flag, void (*func)(void)); double atof(const char* nptr); int atoi(const char* nptr); long int atol(const char* nptr); long long int atoll(const char* nptr); int strfromd(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, double fp); int strfromf(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, float fp); int strfroml(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, long double fp); double strtod(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); float strtof(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); long double strtold(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); long int strtol(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr, int base); long long int strtoll(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr, int base); unsigned long int strtoul(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr, int base); unsigned long long int strtoull(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr, int base); int rand(void); void srand(unsigned int seed); void* aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size); void* calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size); void free(void* ptr); void free_sized(void* ptr, size_t size); void free_aligned_sized(void* ptr, size_t alignment, size_t size); void* malloc(size_t size); void* realloc(void* ptr, size_t size); [[noreturn]] void abort(void); int atexit(void (*func)(void)); int at_quick_exit(void (*func)(void)); [[noreturn]] void exit(int status); [[noreturn]] void _Exit(int status); char* getenv(const char* name); [[noreturn]] void quick_exit(int status); int system(const char* string); QVoid* bsearch(const void* key, QVoid* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void* , const void* )); void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void* , const void* )); int abs(int j); long int labs(long int j); long long int llabs(long long int j); div_t div(int numer, int denom); ldiv_t ldiv(long int numer, long int denom); lldiv_t lldiv(long long int numer, long long int denom); int mblen(const char* s, size_t n); int mbtowc(wchar_t* restrict pwc, const char* restrict s, size_t n); int wctomb(char* s, wchar_t wc); size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t* restrict pwcs, const char* restrict s, size_t n); size_t wcstombs(char* restrict s, const wchar_t* restrict pwcs, size_t n); size_t memalignment(const void* p);
仅当���现定义了 __STDC_IEC_60559_DFP__:
int strfromd32(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _Decimal32 fp); int strfromd64(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _Decimal64 fp); int strfromd128(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _Decimal128 fp); _Decimal32 strtod32(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); _Decimal64 strtod64(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); _Decimal128 strtod128(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr);
仅当实现定义了 __STDC_IEC_60559_TYPES__,而且用户代码在对 stdlib.h
的所有包含之前定义了 __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT__:
#ifdef __STDC_WANT_IEC_60559_TYPES_EXT__ int strfromfN(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _FloatN fp); int strfromfNx(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _FloatNx fp); int strfromdN(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _DecimalN fp); int strfromdNx(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, _DecimalNx fp); _FloatN strtofN(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); _FloatNx strtofNx(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); _DecimalN strtodN(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); _DecimalNx strtodNx(const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); int strfromencfN(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, const unsigned char encptr[restrict static N/8]); int strfromencdecdN(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, const unsigned char encptr[restrict static N/8]); int strfromencbindN(char* restrict s, size_t n, const char* restrict format, const unsigned char encptr[restrict static N/8]); void strtoencfN(unsigned char encptr[restrict static N/8], const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); void strtoencdecdN(unsigned char encptr[restrict static N/8], const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); void strtoencbindN(unsigned char encptr[restrict static N/8], const char* restrict nptr, char** restrict endptr); #endif
仅当实现定义了 __STDC_LIB_EXT1__,而且用户代码在对 stdio.h
的所有包含之前定义了 __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__:
#if defined(__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__) constraint_handler_t set_constraint_handler_s(constraint_handler_t handler); void abort_handler_s(const char* restrict msg, void* restrict ptr, errno_t error); void ignore_handler_s(const char* restrict msg, void* restrict ptr, errno_t error); errno_t getenv_s(size_t* restrict len, char* restrict value, rsize_t maxsize, const char* restrict name); QVoid* bsearch_s(const void* key, QVoid* base, rsize_t nmemb, rsize_t size, int (*compar)(const void* k, const void* y, void* context), void* context); errno_t qsort_s(void* base, rsize_t nmemb, rsize_t size, int (*compar)(const void* x, const void* y, void* context), void* context); errno_t wctomb_s(int* restrict status, char* restrict s, rsize_t smax, wchar_t wc); errno_t mbstowcs_s(size_t* restrict retval, wchar_t* restrict dst, rsize_t dstmax, const char* restrict src, rsize_t len); errno_t wcstombs_s(size_t* restrict retval, char* restrict dst, rsize_t dstmax, const wchar_t* restrict src, rsize_t len); #endif