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i)Let $\mu$ is a measure on $\mathbb{R}$ with the density $w$ i.e $\mu(A)=\int_{A}w(x)dx$.

Prove that, using the definition of integral that for any measurable function $f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$

$\int_{\mathbb{R}}f(x) d\mu(x)=\int_{\mathbb{R}}f(x) w(x) dx$.

ii) Let $F: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow (0,\infty) $ be an increasing, differentiable function, and $\mu((a,b])=F(b)-F(a)$.Prove that for any measurable function $f: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$

$\int_{\mathbb{R}}f(x) d\mu(x)=\int_{\mathbb{R}}f(x) w(x) dx$.

I proved part i), by taking the measurable function as

  1. Indicator function

  2. Simple function

  3. Non-negative function

  4. Signed function

  5. Complex valued function.

I prove every case except #3 Non-negative function case. Can anyone suggest some hint for this case and ii) part of the question?

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  • $\begingroup$ maybe you mean $\int_{\mathbb{R}}f(x) w(x)dx$? In this case this follows immediately from the definition of the integral of Lebesgue $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 29, 2020 at 22:27
  • $\begingroup$ Is this homework? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 29, 2020 at 22:36

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Once you have proved (2), (3) follows by Monotone Convergence Theorem. Recall that if $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow [0,\infty)$ is a non-negative measurable function, we can choose a sequence of simple function $(f_n)$ such that $0\leq f_1 \leq f_2 \leq \ldots \leq f$ and $f_n\rightarrow f$ pointwisely.

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