Actually just the standard stuff, but in my opinion, you can't really do that much with software anyway for the battery’s lifecycle.
You've already taken good steps with the BIOS update and forcing Intel graphics.
For the consumption you could possibly look at the following:
Also check for settings in Firefox and VS Code that can reduce CPU usage.
about:config in Firefox
Type about:config in address bar and search for:
layers.acceleration.force-enabled if not present, add Boolean and/or set to false
gfx.webrender.all if not present, add Boolean and/or set to false
gfx.webrender.enabled if not present, add Boolean and/or set to false
CPU Governor, Set the CPU governor permanently to powersave.
sudo cpupower frequency-set -g powersave
Use sudo powertop --auto-tune to automatically apply many power-saving settings.
You can use the --auto-tune feature from powertop which sets all tunable options to their GOOD setting. This can be combined with the systemd service to have the tunables set on boot. Remember to enable/start the service.
--auto-tune-dump
Newer versions of Powertop include the --auto-tune-dump option which will output the commands Powertop's --auto-tune would have run. This is useful for including in a script in case you do not want to run all of Powertop's recommendations.
TLP is good, but not perfect you can also try auto-cpufreq or thermald as alternatives.
Manages thermal and performance settings, especially for Intel CPUs. It is often already installed. Check with: systemctl status thermald
A simple daemon that automatically switches the governor between powersave and performance. Good for laptops.
Possibly you can do with some GRUB boot parameters:
intel_idle.max_cstate=1
processor.max_cstate=1
intel_pstate=disable
With modern hardware, especially high-performance laptops, you can achieve a lot through software. General battery wear is a separate, long-term topic.
In the end, batteries are the ones that experience the most wear and tear and are usually the first to start slowly losing capacity and runtime.
With some devices from retailers, when I buy laptops, I only get a 6-month warranty on the batteries.
For older devices, it was recommended to remove the battery when running on AC power this was supposed to increase its lifespan. With today's models, that supposedly isn't necessary anymore.
That was just for information on what was done in the past. And you should not open your laptop; not all laptops have permanently installed batteries some can simply be removed from outside
Check also this post:
