Teeing each output while capturing return exit code (are any env variable) and passing it back "up the chain"

Question

I've been struggling and reading quite a bit about this, and clearly bash is probably not the best tool for this, but since I'm already dug this deep into this hole (too much of the code is already there), I at least want to know if a solution exists how it will look like.

My Goal: A function named 'my_run', that wraps a command-line call, that call can be anything - builtin commands, functions or other scripts, and does the following:

1. Call the command line.
2. Tee stderr to a file (file_e), adding timestamps to each line
3. Tee stdout to a separate file (file_s), adding timestamps to each line
4. Presenting the output on the console (hence the tees above)
5. Returns with the exit return code of the command.

I got 1-4 to work, I actually got 5 to work as well, but I'm wondering if there is a different/better way to achieve the same goal.

This currently works by saving the value in a file, and reading it into a variable. As I said - it works.

My ask

Is there a way to assign a value to a variable 'inside' (line 18 below) and make it available outside without using an intermediate file?

I understand that the pipe creates sub-shells, and environment doesn't pass back from that sub-shell, and that shopt -s lastpipe (with job management disabled in interactive shells set +m) should help out, but since I'm not assigning in the 'last pipe', this never worked for me.

Has anyone ever done anything like this?

The piece of code I'm focused on is this:

01  EXIT_CODE_TMP=$(mktemp)
02  unset MY_RUN_EXIT_CODE
03  MY_RUN_EXIT_CODE=0
04  
05  # This is my failed attempt to try and capture the return code.
06  #shopt -s lastpipe
07  
08  # This is where all the work is done:
09  # * Redirect stderr(2>) into stdout(&1), stdout(1>) in to
10  #   stream:3(&3)
11  # * grabs the code and dumps into a temp file
13  # * Tees while adding a timestamp into the *.2err log file
14  # * Redirects stream:3(3>) into stdin(&1), and stdin(1>) into
15  #   stderr(&2), basically reverting back
16  # * Tees while adding a timestamp into the *.1std log file
17  { {
18      2>&1 1>&3 "${1}" "${@:2}" || echo $? > $EXIT_CODE_TMP
19  } | tee >(_ts "E" > "/tmp/log.${MY_RUN_NAME}.2err")
20  } 3>&1 1>&2 \
21  | tee >(_ts > "/tmp/log.${MY_RUN_NAME}.1std")
22
23  # Reads the exit code form the temp file (and deletes the file)
24  MY_RUN_EXIT_CODE=$(( 0 + 0$(cat $EXIT_CODE_TMP; rm $EXIT_CODE_TMP) ))

If you want to test out the code, I've place a complete functional copy in my personal hastebin.

UPDATE: Clarification of scope

This question is bash specific, I understand that there are solutions elsewhere, but this will need to run in environments where installing a different shell might not be an option.

Answer 1

It's easier with zsh. Switching from bash to zsh will likely remove many more headaches.

{
  the-command(s)-you-want-to-redirect
} > >(ts "%FT%T%z OUT:" >&1 > file_s) 2> >(ts "%FT%T%z ERR:" >&2 > file_e)

Here using moreutil's ts to do the timestamping.