Rechtzigel et al. perform a comprehensive multi-omics study using serum from CLN3Δex7-8 minipigs, identifying blood-based molecular changes linked to disease progression. These data are used to create a biomarker scoring framework accurately distinguishing healthy from affected pigs.

Landon, Boland et al. investigate the clinical and molecular impact of a combination of epigenetic modulation and immune checkpoint inhibition in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Serial transcriptomic analyses reveal reshaping of the tumor microenvironment toward a more inflammatory state that may enhance immunotherapy response.

Mchantaf et al. explore HIV-1 persistence in five anatomical compartments in people living with HIV on successful Dolutegravir therapy. They find the highest levels of infection and viral transcription in lymph nodes, and that persistence is not associated with the selection of drug resistance mutations to Dolutegravir.

Chua et al., discuss how artificial intelligence is transforming breast cancer care by improving detection, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment planning, and patient recovery through advanced machine learning and deep learning applications. They emphasise that widespread adoption faces challenges such as data diversity, reproducibility, regulatory hurdles, infrastructure limitations, and ethical concerns around transparency and bias.

Su et al. compare the risk of hyperuricemia in patients treated with bempedoic acid versus ezetimibe using a large real-world dataset from the United States. They find that bempedoic acid increases laboratory hyperuricemia, but this does not result in higher observed use of gout medications.

Hamada et al., evaluated the efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of monovalent and bivalent lipid nanoparticle-mRNA vaccine, DS-5670, against SARS-CoV-2 variants in two randomized trials. Findings show DS-5670 is as effective as existing mRNA vaccines, with broad neutralization activity across omicron sub-lineages.

Savvopoulos, Scheffner et al. develop a simple model that learns each kidney transplant recipient’s usual kidney function from routine tests and defines a personal failure threshold. This individualized threshold predicts future transplant loss more accurately than fixed cut-offs, helping to identify high-risk patients earlier.

Bonuck et al. quantified the disability burden of Long COVID in U.S. adults using years lived with disability and compared its NIH funding to that of 68 other conditions by sex predominance. Long COVID receives far less funding than warranted by its burden, with female predominant conditions consistently underfunded, implying that both disability impact and sex disparities should play a greater role in research funding decisions.

Ge, Liu et al. develop and validate a survival model (SM-CRT) using multicentre data from 30,947 cancer patients to predict catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) risk. The model accurately identifies high-risk patients and high-risk time periods, supporting personalised thromboprophylaxis and optimised catheter removal timing.

Robin et al. use dry immersion to assess cardiovascular and metabolic responses to 5 days of simulated microgravity in healthy women and men. They find pronounced but largely similar deconditioning in both sexes, supporting dry immersion as a robust ground-based model for spaceflight-related physiological changes.

Xiong et al. discuss the Data Science for Health Discovery and Innovation in Africa, a US-Africa partnership aiming to transform health via innovative data science. Achievements to date include 38 projects in 22 African countries, an open FAIR data ecosystem, and AI tools for disease management and pandemic preparedness.

Jaklenec, Yang et al. examine how malnutrition heightens disease susceptibility in Africa. They comment on the successes of food-fortification efforts to date and outline remaining barriers and future directions.

Oyebamiji et al. highlight the high maternal mortality occurring in sub-Saharan Africa, driven in large part by inadequate access to safe blood. They examine how systems level governance and sustainable innovation can close this gap and advance maternal health equity across the region.

Daou et al. advocate for the integration of conflict-responsive training into healthcare education across low- and middle-income countries to better prepare professionals to deliver care in conflict-affected, resource-limited settings. Drawing on expert dialogues and field-based insights, they outline practical pathways for curricular reform grounded in local realities to help institutions design contextually relevant curricula."

Personalized Medicine was designed with a scientific framework that considered both the disease and the person with the disease. Here, we illustrate that the current approach to Personalized Medicine has neglected the person and offers a pathway to restoring the essential importance of the person’s lived experience.

Amid continuous innovation in sequencing and gene-editing technologies combined with enhanced understanding of RNA biology, there has been an increase in RNA-based technologies for the treatment of a wide array of diseases. We discuss some recent work in the field, highlighting the RNA biology and RNA-based applications to medicine collection, which showcases the versatility of RNA for filling numerous gaps in disease treatment and detection.