book

Understanding TCP/IP

by CP Books a.s.

May 2006

Intermediate to advanced

480 pages

12h 20m

English

Packt Publishing

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What This Book Covers
ErrataQuestions

1.1 ISO OSI1.1.1 Physical Layer1.1.2 Data Link Layer1.1.3 Network Layer1.1.4 Transport Layer1.1.5 Session Layer1.1.6 Presentation Layer1.1.7 Application Layer
1.2.1 Internet Protocol1.2.2 TCP and UDP1.2.3 Application Protocols
1.3.1 Synchronous Transmission1.3.2 Packet Transmission1.3.3 Asynchronous Transmission
2.1 Packet Drivers
2.2.1 Frame Capturing2.2.2 Viewing Captured Frames2.2.3 Filters for Displaying Captured Frames
3.1 Serial Line3.1.1 Serial and Parallel Data Transport3.1.2 Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Signals3.1.3 Synchronous and Asynchronous Transport3.1.4 V.24, V.35, and X.21 Protocols3.1.5 Null Modem
3.2.1 Dial-Up Connection3.2.2 Leased Lines3.2.3 Automatic Modem3.2.3.1 AT Commands3.2.4 Synchronous Transmission3.2.5 Baseband, Voice Band, and ADSL3.2.6 Transmission Rate3.2.6.1 The V.90 Recommendation3.2.7 Data Compression3.2.8 Error Detection
3.3.1 ISDN3.3.1.1 Basic Rate3.3.1.2 Higher Layer Protocols and Signalization3.3.2 E and T Lines
3.4.1 Structured Cables3.4.1.1 Copper Distribution3.4.1.2 Optical Fibers3.4.2 Ethernet (10 Mbps)3.4.2.1 AUI3.4.2.2 BNC3.4.2.3 Twisted-PairOptical Fiber3.4.3 Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps)3.4.4 Gigabyte Ethernet (1 Gbps)
4.1 Serial Line Internet Protocol
4.3.1 Flag4.3.2 Address Field4.3.3 Control Field4.3.3.1 I-Frame4.3.3.2 S-Frame4.3.3.3 U-Frame4.3.4 Data Field and a Transferred Protocol Type4.3.5 Checksum4.3.6 HDLC Protocol Summary
4.4.1 Dialing a Phone Line4.4.2 Link Control Protocol4.4.3 Authentication4.4.3.1 Password Authentication Protocol4.4.3.2 Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocols4.4.3.3 Extensible Authentication Protocol4.4.3.4 Radius Protocol4.4.4 Call-Back Control Protocol4.4.5 Other Protocols4.4.5.1 Multilink Protocol4.4.5.2 Bandwidth Allocation Protocol and Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol4.4.5.3 Compression Control Protocol4.4.5.4 Encryption Control Protocol4.4.5.5 Setting Encryption Keys4.4.6 Internet Protocol Control Protocol
4.5.1 A Frame Relay Protocol Frame4.5.2 IP Through Frame Relay4.5.3 Local Management Interface4.5.4 Frame Relay Configuration on CISCO Routers4.5.5 Frame Relay Protocol
4.6.1 Ethernet
4.7.1 Typical WLAN Configuration4.7.1.1 Peer-To-Peer Networks4.7.1.2 Access Point4.7.1.3 Roaming (Several Access Points)4.7.1.4 Backbone Point-to-Point Connection4.7.2 Antennas4.7.3 Security of WLAN4.7.3.1 Service Set ID4.7.3.2 Wired Equivalent Privacy4.7.3.3 IEEE 802.1X
4.8.1 The Differences Between FWA and WLAN4.8.2 The Main Benefits of FWA
5.1 IP Datagram
5.2.1 Echo5.2.2 Destination Unreachable5.2.3 Source Quench (Lower Sending Speed)5.2.4 Redirect5.2.5 ICMP Router Discovery5.2.6 Time Exceeded5.2.7 Subnet Address Mask Request5.2.8 Time Synchronization
5.4.1 Record Route5.4.2 Timestamp5.4.3 Source Routing5.4.4 IP Router Alert Option
5.5.1 ARP Filtering5.5.2 Proxy ARP5.5.3 Reverse ARP
6.1 Network: First Period of History6.1.1 Special-Use IP Addresses6.1.2 Network Mask
6.2.1 Subnetworks6.2.2 Super-Networks and Autonomous Systems
6.4.1 Dynamic Address Assignment
7.1 Forwarding and Screening
7.2.1 Processing
7.3.1 List of Contents of a Routing Table in a Command Prompt7.3.1.1 Contents of a Routing Table in UNIX7.3.2 Routing Table Listing in Windows 2000/XP/20037.3.3 Contents of a Routing Table in Cisco Routers7.3.4 Routing Table Entry Addition and Removal
7.4.1 Routing Vector Protocols7.4.1.1 RVP Principle7.4.1.2 RIP and RIP27.4.2 Link State Protocols7.4.2.1 OSPF7.4.3 IPG and EGP7.4.4 Aggregation7.4.5 Redistribution
8.1 Next Headers of IP Version 6 Datagram8.1.1 Hop-By-Hop Options8.1.2 Routing Header8.1.3 Fragment Header8.1.4 Authentication Header8.1.5 Encapsulating Security Payload Header
8.2.1 Address Resolution8.2.2 Router Discovery8.2.3 Redirect
8.3.1 Types of Address Inscription8.3.2 Multicasts8.3.3 Unicasts
9.1 TCP Segments
9.3.1 Establishing a Connection9.3.2 Terminating a Connection9.3.3 Aborting a Connection
9.7.1 Slow Start9.7.2 Congestion Avoidance9.7.3 Segment Loss
10.1 Fragmentation
11.1 Domains and Subdomains
11.6.1 DNS Query Packet Format11.6.2 DNS Query Packet Header11.6.3 Question Section11.6.4 The Answer Section, Authoritative Servers, and Additional Information
12.1 The NVT Protocol
12.2.1 Signal for Synchronization12.2.2 The Telnet Command Line12.2.3 Communication Modes
13.1 Architecture
14.1 Client-Server
14.6.1 The http Scheme14.6.2 The ftp Scheme14.6.3 The mailto Scheme14.6.4 The nntp Scheme14.6.5 The telnet Scheme14.6.6 The file Scheme14.6.7 The pop Scheme
14.8.1 The GET Method14.8.2 The POST Method14.8.3 The HEAD Method14.8.4 The TRACE Method14.8.5 The OPTIONS Method
14.9.1 An Overview of Result Codes
14.10.1 Accept Header Field14.10.2 Client Authentication14.10.3 Proxy Authentication14.10.4 Content Header Field14.10.5 Redirection and Temporary Unavailability of Objects14.10.6 Cache14.10.7 Software Information
14.11.1 Set-Cookie and Set-Cookie2 Header Fields14.11.1.1 Cookie Header Field
15.1 Email Architecture15.1.1 DNS and Email
15.2.1 Basic Header Fields
15.3.1 MIME Header Fields15.3.1.1 MIME-Version15.3.1.2 Content-Type15.3.1.3 Content-Transfer-Encoding15.3.1.4 Content-Disposition15.3.2 Standard Encoding Mechanisms15.3.2.1 Quoted-Printable15.3.2.2 Base6415.3.3 Non-ASCII Text in Message Header Fields15.3.4 Discrete Media Types in Content-Type15.3.4.1 text15.3.4.2 application15.3.4.3 image15.3.4.4 audio15.3.4.5 video15.3.4.6 model15.3.5 Composite Media Types in Content-Type15.3.5.1 multipart15.3.5.2 message
VERB8BITMIMESIZEETRN15.5.1 Message Delivery Receipt15.5.1.1 Delivery Status Notification15.5.1.2 The Disposition-Notification-To Header Field
15.7.1 Unauthenticated State15.7.1.1 LOGIN15.7.1.2 AUTHENTICATE15.7.2 Authenticated State15.7.2.1 CREATE, DELETE, RENAME, and LIST Commands15.7.2.2 SUBSRCIBE, LSUB, and UNSUBSCRIBE Commands15.7.2.3 STATUS15.7.2.4 SELECT and EXAMINE Commands15.7.3 Open Mailbox15.7.3.1 COPY15.7.3.2 SEARCH15.7.3.3 FETCH15.7.3.4 STORE15.7.3.5 EXPUNGE15.7.3.6 CLOSE15.8 Mailing Lists
16.1 Message Format
16.2.1 End User Communication16.2.2 Communication Among Servers16.2.3 Session Termination
17.1 Protocol Principle
17.3.1 The Search Operation17.3.1.1 Filters17.3.2 Further Operations with Entries17.3.2.1 The Add Operation17.3.2.2 The Modify Operation17.3.2.3 The Delete Operation17.3.2.4 The Modify DN Operation17.3.2.5 The Compare Operation
17.5.1 The LDAP Browser17.5.2 The OpenLDAP Client17.5.3 ADSIedit17.5.4 MS Outlook Express and MS Outlook
A.1 Interface Identification
A.5.1 Non-Privileged ModeA.5.2 Privileged mode
A.6.1 Setting a Password for Privileged ModeA.6.2 WebA.6.3 ConfigMaker

Content preview from Understanding TCP/IP

Chapter 9. Transmission Control Protocol

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is an upper-layer protocol from the IP point of view. The first question that always occurs to a beginner is "Why do we need two protocols, IP and TCP?"

While IP transmits data between individual computers on the Internet, TCP transfers data between two actual applications running on these two computers. IP is used for data transfers between computers. An IP address is the address only of a computer's network interface, while TCP uses a port number as its address. If we were to compare this to a standard postal system, the IP address would be the building address and the port number (the address in TCP) would be the name of an actual resident in the building.

TCP is connection ...