Loading...Contents |
Biography
John Strutt PC JP was born in Maldon, Essex, England.
Sir John Strutt was a member of the aristocracy in British Isles.
John Strutt PC JP is Notable.
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh of Terling Place was born on 12 November 1842 at Langford Grove, Maldon, Essex, England, United Kingdom.
He was the son of John James Strutt, 2nd Baron Rayleigh of Terling Place and Clara Elizabeth La Touche Vicars.
Education
He was educated at Eton College, Windsor, Berkshire, England and at Harrow School, Harrow on the Hill, London, England. He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, with a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) He graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, in 1868 with a Master of Arts (M.A.) He was invested as a Fellow, Royal Society (F.R.S.) in 1873.
Marriage
He married Evelyn Georgiana Mary Balfour on 19 Jul 1871 at St George Hanover Square, London, England. Evelyn was the daughter of James Maitland Balfour and Lady Blanche Mary Harriet Gascoyne-Cecil .[1]
Succeeded to the Title
Two years after his marriage, Sir John William Strutt succeeded to the title of 3rd Baron Rayleigh of Terling Place, Essex, England, United Kingdom, on 14 June 1873. The title was originally created [U.K., 1821].
Author
Sir John William Strutt developed the duplex theory of human sound localisation using two binaural cues, interaural phase difference and interaural level difference.
- He wrote the book "Treatise on the Theory of Sound", which was published in two volumes during 1877-1878,
- His other extensive 446 studies are reported in his Scientific Papers – six volumes issued during 1889-1920.
- He has also contributed to the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Renowned Scientist and Nobel Prize Winner and other Awards
- In 1894 he discovered the inert gas, argon. He was decorated with the award of the Officer, Legion of Honour.
- He was decorated with the award of the Order of Merit (O.M.) in 1902.
- He was decorated with the award of the Nobel Prize (for Physics) in 1904. [2]
Positions Held
- He was the Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics at the University of Cambridge between 1879 and 1884.
- He was president of the British Association in 1884.
- He was Professor of Natural Philosophy, Royal Institute, Cambridge between 1887 and 1905.
- He was president of the Royal Society between 1905 and 1908.
- He was Chancellor of Cambridge University between 1908 and 1919.
- He was president of the special government advisory committee on aeronautics in 1909.
Although he was a member of the House of Lords, he sparingly spent time on politics in order to devote his energies to science.
- He held the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Essex between 1892 and 1901.
- He was invested as a Privy Counsellor (P.C.) in 1905.
- He was a Justice of the Peace.
Census
In the 1851 census, John (age 2) was the son of John James Strutt in Terling, Essex, England.[3]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| John James Strutt | Head | M | 55 | Peer of the Realm | Marylebone, Middlesex, England | |
| Clara E La Touche Strutt | Wife | F | 26 | Lady Rayleigh | Mauritius, British Subject | |
| John W Strutt | Son | M | 9 | Langford, Essex, England | ||
| Clara E L Strutt | Daughter | F | 6 | Langford, Essex, England | ||
| Richard Strutt | Son | M | 3 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Charles Strutt | Son | M | 1 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Emily Ann Strutt | Sister | F | 61 | Fra Br Sub, London, England | ||
| Marianne Vicars | Mother-in-law | F | 46 | Nf Br Sub | ||
| Edward A Vicars | Brother-in-law | M | 22 | Mus British Subject | ||
| Mary M Vicars | Sister-in-law | F | 20 | Bath, Somerset, England | ||
| Georgiana S Vicars | Sister-in-law | F | 12 | Mulligar, Ireland | ||
| Ann Walsh | Inmate | F | 30 | Dublin, Ireland | ||
| Emily E Rainbow | Servant | F | 26 | Erith, Kent, England | ||
| Ann Knight | Servant | F | 48 | Chelsea, Middlesex, England | ||
| Sarah Chapman | Servant | F | 30 | Exeter, Devon, England | ||
| Mary Roberts | Servant | F | 42 | Over Wallop, Hampshire, England | ||
| Grace Jarvett | Servant | F | 37 | Halifax, Yorkshire, England | ||
| Ann Carit | Servant | F | 20 | Woringord, Essex, England | ||
| Sarah A Gaywood | Servant | F | 25 | Hatfield, Essex, England | ||
| Emma Hall | Servant | F | 18 | Hatfield, Essex, England |
In the 1861 census, John (age 18) was the son of John James Strutt Baron Ragleigh in Terling, Essex, England.[4]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| John James Strutt Baron Rayleigh | Head | M | 65 | Hartley Steart, London, England | ||
| Clara Elizabeth La Touche Strutt Lady Rayleigh | Wife | F | 36 | Port Louis, Mauritius | ||
| John William Strutt | Son | M | 18 | Landford, Essex, England | ||
| Clara Emily Charlotte Strutt | Daughter | F | 16 | Landford, Essex, England | ||
| Richard Strutt | Son | M | 13 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Charles Hedley Strutt | Son | M | 11 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Edward Gerald Strutt | Son | M | 6 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Emily Ann Strutt | Sister | F | 71 | Tholause, France | ||
| Marianne Vicars | Mother-in-law | F | 56 | Newfoundland, St John, Newfoundland, Canada | ||
| Georgiana Sandford Vicars | Son-in-law | 22 | Mullingar, Westmeath, Ireland | |||
| Laura Margaret Vicars | Cousin | F | 24 | Newcastle on Tyne St Andrews, Durham, England | ||
| Mary Jeffry Schirdeveitea | Boarder | F | 37 | Lnd Naturalized, St Luke's, London, England | ||
| Emily Eliza Rainbow | Servant | F | 34 | Chelsea, Middlesex, England | ||
| Marranne J Rogers | Servant | F | 29 | Wandsworth, Surrey, England | ||
| Lucy Gibson | Servant | F | 24 | Alresford, Hampshire, England | ||
| Louisa Godward | Servant | F | 40 | Salisbury St Martins | ||
| Hannah Flood | Servant | F | 28 | Hothereil, Norfolk, England | ||
| Sarah Mernday | Servant | F | 19 | N, Nk, Nk | ||
| Sarah Burrell | Servant | F | 16 | Feering, Essex, England | ||
| Rebecca Gillett | Servant | F | 40 | Eynshann, Oxfordshire, England |
In the 1871 census, John (age 28) was the son of John James Strutt Baron Rayleigh in Terling, Essex, England.[5]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| John James Strutt Baron Rayleigh | Head | M | 74 | London Harley St, Middlesex, England | ||
| Clara Elizabeth La touche Rayleigh | Wife | F | 44 | Mauritius | ||
| John William Strutt | Son | M | 28 | Langford, Essex, England | ||
| Clara Emily Charlotte Strutt | Daughter | F | 26 | Langford, Essex, England | ||
| Charles Hedley Strutt | Son | M | 21 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Hedley Vicars Strutt | Son | M | 6 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Marianne Vicars | Mother-in-law | F | 67 | Nf | ||
| Caroline Chapman | Servant | F | 47 | Hatfield Peveral, Essex, England | ||
| Hannah Hadley | Servant | F | 28 | Standiford, Staffordshire, England | ||
| Lucy Gibson | Servant | F | 35 | Alresford Hampshire England | ||
| Jane Gibson | Servant | F | 30 | Alresford Hampshire England | ||
| Norah Honey | Servant | F | 27 | Brompton, Middlesex, England | ||
| Eliza Lower | Servant | F | 22 | Brighton, Essex, England | ||
| Charlotte Joslin | Servant | F | 23 | Favisted, Essex, England | ||
| Sarah Jane Brown | Servant | F | 17 | Dundock Ireland | ||
| Ann Woodward | Servant | F | 20 | Spraughton, Suffolk, England | ||
| Ann London | Servant | F | 49 | Broomfield, Essex, England | ||
| Edward Hampton | Servant | F | 46 | Bath, Somerset, England | ||
| Hewett Cottis | Servant | M | 25 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Alfred Prior | Servant | M | 26 | Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England |
In the 1881 census, John (age 38), Baron Rayleigh Prof Of Physics At Cambridge, was the married head of household at 5 Salisbury Villas (Station Rd), St Andrew the Less, Cambridgeshire, England.[6]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| John W. Strutt | Head | Married | M | 38 | Baron Rayleigh Prof Of Physics At Cambridge | Langford, Essex, England |
| Evelyn G. M. Rayleigh | Wife | Married | F | 34 | Baroness Rayleigh Peeress | London, London, Middlesex, England |
| Robert J. Strutt | Son | M | 5 | Scholar | Terling, Essex, England | |
| Arthur C. Strutt | Son | M | 2 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Julian B. Strutt | Son | M | Cambridgeshire, England | |||
| Arthur J. Balfour | Brother-in-law | M | 32 | M Parliment Author On Philosophy M.A. | Scotland | |
| Alice B. Balfour | Sister-in-law | F | 30 | Interest Of Money | Scotland | |
| Hannah Goddard | Servant | F | 33 | Nurse | Sibton, Suffolk, England | |
| Catharine Fairhall | Servant | F | 23 | Nurse | London, London, Middlesex, England | |
| Julia B. Wakefield | Servant | F | 21 | Nursery Maid | Haybridge, Essex, England | |
| Catherine A. Price | Servant | F | 36 | Parlour Maid | Tredegar, Monmouth, Wales | |
| Caroline Chapman | Servant | F | 56 | Cook Housekeeper | Hatfield Pevvil, Essex, England | |
| Clara Dennington | Servant | F | 25 | Housemaid | London, London, Middlesex, England | |
| Thirza Joive | Servant | F | 21 | Kitchen Maid | Hutton, Essex, England | |
| Helen Lauriton | Servant | F | 30 | Ladies Maid | Scotland |
In the 1891 census, John (age 48) was the head of household in Terling, Terling, Essex, England.[7]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| John Wm Baron Rayleigh | Head | M | 48 | Langford, Essex, England | ||
| Evelyn Rayleigh | Wife | F | 44 | London, Middlesex, England | ||
| Robert J Strutt | Son | M | 15 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Arthur E Strutt | Son | M | 12 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| William M Strutt | Son | M | 4 | Terling, Essex, England | ||
| Beauchamp Gower | Guest | M | 46 | Civil Engineer | Moreton, Essex, England | |
| Elizabeth House | Servant | F | 40 | Barkham, Berkshire, England | ||
| Emily Roberts | Servant | F | 35 | Winten, Stater, United States | ||
| Annie E Allam | Servant | F | 21 | Winchester, Hampshire, England | ||
| Jane Gibson | Servant | F | 49 | Alresford, Hampshire, England | ||
| Harriet E Burton | Servant | F | 22 | Market Drayton, Shropshire, England | ||
| Flora Hankinson | Servant | F | 19 | ??, Berghon Bunn | ||
| Alice Gorton | Servant | F | 19 | Bristol, Somerset, England | ||
| Joseph Dixon | Servant | M | 39 | Lower Clatford, Hampshire, England | ||
| James W Blake | Servant | M | 20 | Boarstall, Buckinghamshire, England | ||
| Charles Munt | Servant | M | 17 | Wheathamstead, Hertfordshire, England |
In the 1901 census, John (age 58) was the visitor of Catherine L W Powlett in Battle, Sussex, England.[8]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| Catherine L W Powlett | Head | F | 81 | Duchess of Cleveland | Chevening, Kent, England | |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| Elspeth Campbell | Visitor | F | 27 | London, England | ||
| John W Lord Rayleigh | Visitor | M | 29 | Essex, England | ||
| Niall D Campbell | Visitor | M | 29 | London, England | ||
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
In the 1911 census, John (age 68), Private Means, was the married head of household at Terling Place, Witham, Terling, Essex, England.[9]
| Name | Relation | Status | Sex | Age | Occupation | Birth Place |
| John William Strutt Baron Rayleigh | Head | Married | M | 68 | Private Means | Langford, Essex |
| Evelyn Georgina Mary Rayleigh | Wife | Married | F | 64 | London, England | |
| Robert John Strutt | Son | Married | M | 35 | Professor | Terling, Essex |
| Mary Hilda Strutt | Daughter-in-law | Married | F | 35 | Preston, Morfort, Shrewsbury | |
| John Arthur Strutt | Grandson | M | 2 | London, England | ||
| Charles Richard Strutt | Grandson | M | 10/12 | London, England | ||
| Arthur Charles Strutt | Son | Single | M | 32 | Lieutenant R N | Terling, Essex |
| William Maitland Strutt | Son | Single | M | 24 | Terling, Essex | |
| Joseph Dixon | Servant | Married | M | 59 | Butter | Clatford, Hampshire |
| Priscilla Ridout | Servant | Single | F | 45 | Cook & House Keeper | Little Cheverell, Wiltshire |
| Minnie Sivil | Servant | Single | F | 40 | Ladies Maid | Burgh, Lincolnshire |
| Jane Kirk | Servant | Single | F | 24 | Ladies Maid | Inver, Doneagl |
| Eva Wood | Servant | Single | F | 22 | Kitchenmaid | Birkenhead, Cheshire |
| Eleanor Brookfield | Servant | Single | F | 23 | scullery Maid | Charlbury, Oxfordshire, England |
| Arthur Barrett | Servant | Single | M | 29 | Footman | Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire |
| Henry Jennings | Servant | Single | M | 20 | Footman | Oxford East |
| Louisa Keens | Servant | Single | F | 31 | Nurse | East Molesey, Surrey |
| Agnes Puddick | Servant | Single | F | 21 | Nursemaid | Ramsey, Hertfordshire |
| Kate Harris | Servant | Single | F | 33 | House Maid | Llangiddy, Monmouthshire |
| Bessie Harrington | Servant | Single | F | 19 | House Maid | Abbots Hall, Essex |
Death
Sir John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, passed away at the age of 76 on 30 Jun 1919 at Terling Place, Essex, England, United Kingdom. [10]
Succession to the Title His firstborn son, Robert John Strutt succeeded to the Barony of Rayleigh as the 4th Baron Rayleigh, upon the death of his father.
Sources
- ↑ Marriage Entry: John William Strutt married Evelyn Georgiana Mary Balfour on 19 Jul 1871 at St George Hanover Square, London, England. Citing this Record: "England and Wales Marriage Registration Index, 1837-2005," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2D2B-L53 : 13 December 2014), John William Strutt, 1871; from "England & Wales Marriages, 1837-2005," database, findmypast (http://www.findmypast.com : 2012); citing 1871, quarter 3, vol. 1A, p. 502, St. George Hanover Square, London, England, General Register Office, Southport, England.
- ↑ Nobel Prize in Physics: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1904/strutt/biographical/ Citing this Source: From Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967
- ↑
1851 Census:
"1851 England Census"
Class: HO107; Piece: 1783; Folio: 359; Page: 2; GSU roll: 207432; ED, institution, or vessel: 5b; Household schedule number: 6
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 8860 #6309017 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John W Strull (2) son in household of John James Strutt (55) in Terling in Witham registration district in Essex, England. Born in Langford, Essex, England. - ↑
1861 Census:
"1861 England Census"
Class: Rg 9; Piece: 1108; Folio: 64; Page: 1; GSU roll: 542755; ED, institution, or vessel: 13; Household schedule number: 1
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 8767 #16867021 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John William Strutt (18) son in household of John James Strutt Baron Ragleigh (65) in Terling in Witham registration district in Essex, England. Born in Landford, Essex, England. - ↑
1871 Census:
"1871 England Census"
The National Archives; Kew, London, England; 1871 England Census; Class: RG10; Piece: 1695; Folio: 172; Page: 5; GSU roll: 830743; ED, institution, or vessel: 13; Household schedule number: 31
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 7619 #13313504 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John William Streett (28) son in household of John James Strutt Baron Rayleigh (74) in Terling in Witham registration district in Essex, England. Born in Langford, Essex, England. - ↑
1881 Census:
"1881 England Census"
Class: RG11; Piece: 1667; Folio: 21; Page: 36; GSU roll: 1341398; ED, institution, or vessel: 18
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 7572 #861598 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John W Strutt (38), married, Baron Rayleigh Prof Of Physics At Cambridge, head of household at 5 Salisbury Villas (Station Rd), St Andrew the Less in Cambridge registration district in Cambridgeshire, England. Born in Langford, Essex, England. - ↑
1891 Census:
"1891 England Census"
The National Archives of the UK (TNA); Kew, Surrey, England; Census Returns of England and Wales, 1891; Class: RG12; Piece: 1425; Folio: 123; Page: 1; GSU roll: 6096535
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 6598 #19113135 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John Wm Baron Rayleigh (48) head of household in Terling, Terling in Braintree registration district in Essex, England. Born in Langford, Essex, England. - ↑
1901 Census:
"1901 England Census"
Class: RG13; Piece: 876; Folio: 25; Page: 22; ED, institution, or vessel: 2; Household schedule number: 152
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 7814 #6162188 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John W Lord Rayleigh (58) visitor in household of Catherine L W Powlett(81) in Battle registration district in Sussex, England. Born in Essex, England. - ↑
1911 Census:
"1911 England Census"
The National Archives of the UK (TNA); Kew, Surrey, England; Census Returns of England and Wales, 1911; Registration District Number: 201; ED, institution, or vessel: 06; Piece: 10417
Ancestry Sharing Link - Ancestry uk Record 2352 #53546964 (accessed 7 September 2025)
John William Strutt Baron Rayleigh (68), married, Private Means, head of household at Terling Place, Witham, Terling, Essex, England. Born in Langford, Essex. - ↑ Newspaper Obituary Notice: "British Newspaper Archive, Family Notices," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QLSZ-33PB : 19 April 2019), John William Strutt Rayleigh, Lord, United Kingdom; records extracted FamilySearch and images digitized by FindMyPast; citing United Kingdom, 30 Jun 1919, The British Newspaper Archive, Ireland; FHL microfilm .
See Also for Hints
- The Peerage Entry
- The William the Conqueror Database
- Find a Grave database entry for John William Strutt
- Wikidata: Item Q83297
