Namespace
Varianti

std::bind

Da cppreference.com.
< cpp‎ | utility‎ | functional


 
 
Utilità libreria
Tipo di supporto (basic types, RTTI, type traits)
Gestione della memoria dinamica
La gestione degli errori
Programma di utilità
Funzioni variadic
Data e ora
Funzione oggetti
initializer_list(C++11)
bitset
hash(C++11)
Gli operatori relazionali
Original:
Relational operators
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rel_ops::operator!=
rel_ops::operator>
rel_ops::operator<=
rel_ops::operator>=
Coppie e tuple
Original:
Pairs and tuples
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pair
tuple(C++11)
piecewise_construct_t(C++11)
piecewise_construct(C++11)
Swap, in avanti e spostare
Original:
Swap, forward and move
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swap
forward(C++11)
move(C++11)
move_if_noexcept(C++11)
declval(C++11)
 
Funzione oggetti
Funzione wrapper
Original:
Function wrappers
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function(C++11)
mem_fn(C++11)
bad_function_call(C++11)
Associare
Original:
Bind
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bind(C++11)
is_bind_expression(C++11)
is_placeholder(C++11)
_1, _2, _3, ...(C++11)
Wrapper di riferimento
Original:
Reference wrappers
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reference_wrapper(C++11)
ref
cref
(C++11)
(C++11)
Operatore wrapper
Original:
Operator wrappers
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Negatori
Original:
Negators
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Sconsigliata a leganti e adattatori
Original:
Deprecated binders and adaptors
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unary_function(deprecato)
binary_function(deprecato)
ptr_fun(deprecato)
pointer_to_unary_function(deprecato)
pointer_to_binary_function(deprecato)
mem_fun(deprecato)
mem_fun_t
mem_fun1_t
const_mem_fun_t
const_mem_fun1_t
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
mem_fun_ref(deprecato)
mem_fun_ref_t
mem_fun1_ref_t
const_mem_fun_ref_t
const_mem_fun1_ref_t
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
binder1st
binder2nd
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
bind1st
bind2nd
(deprecato)
(deprecato)
 
Elemento definito nell'header <functional>
template< class F, class... Args >
/*unspecified*/ bind( F&& f, Args&&... args );
(1) (dal C++11)
template< class R, class F, class... Args >
/*unspecified*/ bind( F&& f, Args&&... args );
(2) (dal C++11)
La bind modello di funzione genera un wrapper per la deviazione di chiamata f. La chiamata a questo involucro è equivalente a invocare f con alcuni dei suoi argomenti legati alla args.
Original:
The function template bind generates a forwarding call wrapper for f. Calling this wrapper is equivalent to invoking f with some of its arguments bound to args.
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Internamente, l'involucro contiene un oggetto membro del std::decay<F>::type tipo costruito da std::forward<F>(f), e un oggetto per ciascuna delle args..., di std::decay<Arg_i>::type tipo, analogamente costruito std::forward<Arg_i>(arg_i).
Original:
Internally, the wrapper holds a member object of type std::decay<F>::type constructed from std::forward<F>(f), and one object per each of args..., of type std::decay<Arg_i>::type, similarly constructed from std::forward<Arg_i>(arg_i).
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Indice

[modifica] Parametri

f -
oggetto invocabile (oggetto funzione, puntatore a funzione, il riferimento alla funzione, puntatore a funzione membro, o il puntatore ai dati membri), che dovrà essere associata ad alcuni argomenti
Original:
invocable object (function object, pointer to function, reference to function, pointer to member function, or pointer to member data) that will be bound to some arguments
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args -
elenco di argomenti di legare, con gli argomenti non legati sostituiti dal _1, _2, _3... segnaposto
Original:
list of arguments to bind, with the unbound arguments replaced by the placeholders _1, _2, _3...
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[modifica] Valore di ritorno

Un oggetto funzione di T tipo specificato, per cui std::is_bind_expression<T>::value == true, e che possono essere memorizzati in std::function. L'oggetto è mobile se f e tutti args sono mobili, ed è copiabile altrimenti. Il tipo definisce i seguenti membri:
Original:
A function object of unspecified type T, for which std::is_bind_expression<T>::value == true, and which can be stored in std::function. The object is movable if f and all args are movable, and is copyable otherwise. The type defines the following members:
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std :: bind
Original:
std::bind
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Return type

Member type result_type

1) If F is a pointer to function or a pointer to member function, result_type is the return type of F. If F is a class type with nested typedef result_type, then result_type is F::result_type. Otherwise no result_type is defined.

2) result_type is exactly R.

Member function operator()

Given an object g obtained from an earlier call to bind, when it is invoked in a function call expression g(u1, u2, ... uM), an invocation of the stored object of type std::decay<F>::type takes place, with arguments defined as follows:

  • If the argument is of type std::reference_wrapper<T> (e.g. std::ref or std::cref) was used in the initial call to bind, then the reference T& stored in the bound argument is passed to the invocable object.
  • If std::is_bind_expression<T>::value == true (i.e. another sbind subexpression was used as an argument in the initial call to bind), then that bind-subexpressin is invoked immediately and its result is passed to the invocable object. If the bind subexpression has any placeholder arguments, they are picked from u1, u2, ....
  • If std::is_placeholder<T>::value != 0 (i.e., _1, _2, _3, ... was used as the argument to the initial call to bind), then the argument indicated by the placeholder (u1 for _1, u2 for _2, etc) is passed to the invocable object as std::forward<Uj>(uj).
  • Otherwise, the stored argument is passed to the invocable object as-is.

If some of the arguments that are supplied in the call to g() are not matched by any placeholders stored in g, the unused arguments are evaluated and discarded.

[modifica] Eccezioni

Genera solo se la costruzione std::decay<F>::type da std::forward<F>(f) getta, o uno dei costruttori per std::decay<Arg_i>::type dal std::forward<Arg_i>(arg_i) corrsponding getta dove Arg_i è il tipo i-esimo e arg_i è l'argomento-esimo in Args... args.
Original:
Only throws if construction of std::decay<F>::type from std::forward<F>(f) throws, or any of the constructors for std::decay<Arg_i>::type from the corrsponding std::forward<Arg_i>(arg_i) throws where Arg_i is the ith type and arg_i is the ith argument in Args... args.
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[modifica] Note

Gli argomenti di impegnare vengono copiati o spostati, e non sono mai passati per riferimento se non avvolto in std::ref o std::cref.
Original:
The arguments to bind are copied or moved, and are never passed by reference unless wrapped in std::ref or std::cref.
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Duplicare segnaposto nell'espressione stessa bind (più _1 per esempio) sono permessi, ma i risultati sono ben definite solo se l'argomento corrispondente (u1) è un rvalue lvalue o non mobile.
Original:
Duplicate placeholders in the same bind expression (multiple _1's for example) are allowed, but the results are only well defined if the corresponding argument (u1) is an lvalue or non-movable rvalue.
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[modifica] Esempio

#include <random>
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
 
void f(int n1, int n2, int n3, const int& n4, int n5)
{
    std::cout << n1 << ' ' << n2 << ' ' << n3 << ' ' << n4 << ' ' << n5 << '\n';
}
 
int g(int n1)
{
    return n1;
}
 
struct Foo {
    void print_sum(int n1, int n2)
    {
        std::cout << n1+n2 << '\n';
    }
    int data = 10;
};
 
int main()
{
    using namespace std::placeholders;
 
    // demonstrates argument reordering and pass-by-reference
    int n = 7;
    auto f1 = std::bind(f, _2, _1, 42, std::cref(n), n);
    n = 10;
    f1(1, 2, 1001); // 1 is bound by _1, 2 is bound by _2, 1001 is unused
 
    // nested bind subexpressions share the placeholders
    auto f2 = std::bind(f, _3, std::bind(g, _3), _3, 4, 5);
    f2(10, 11, 12);
 
    // common use case: binding a RNG with a distribution
    std::default_random_engine e;
    std::uniform_int_distribution<> d(0, 10);
    std::function<int()> rnd = std::bind(d, e);
    for(int n=0; n<10; ++n)
        std::cout << rnd() << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    // bind to a member function
    Foo foo;
    auto f3 = std::bind(&Foo::print_sum, foo, 95, _1);
    f3(5);
 
    // bind to member data
    auto f4 = std::bind(&Foo::data, _1);
    std::cout << f4(foo) << '\n';
}

Output:

2 1 42 10 7
12 12 12 4 5
1 5 0 2 0 8 2 2 10 8
100
10

[modifica] Vedi anche

segnaposto per gli argomenti non legate in un'espressione std::bind
Original:
placeholders for the unbound arguments in a std::bind expression
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(costante) [modifica]
(C++11)
crea un oggetto funzione di un puntatore a un membro
Original:
creates a function object out of a pointer to a member
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(funzione di modello) [modifica]