Questions tagged [notation]
Questions on the meaning, history, and usage of symbols and notation in cryptography. Please remember to mention where (book, paper, webpage, etc.) you encountered any notation you are asking about.
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What does this "lightbulb-ish" symbol mean in figure 1 of the Diffie Hellmann paper?
In Diffie and Hellmanns famous paper New Directions in Cryptography from 1976, figure 1 on p. 645 (resp. second page in the linked pdf) visualizes the flow of information in symmetric cryptosystems.
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Small Notation question on HQC and 2-QCSD-P Distribution
I am reading the Hamming Quasi-Cyclic (HQC) specification and just want to clarify a notation they are using.
In the paragraph before Definition 2.1.14 (2-QCSD-P Distribution), for $b_1 \in \{0,1\} $ ...
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Notation question: ciphertext vs. (IV, ciphertext)
Consider encryption with a stream cipher. We select a random nonce or IV, create a keystream, and encrypt the plaintext to a ciphertext $c$ with XOR. Then we need to transmit the nonce/IV, so the ...
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Carter-Wegman MAC different notations
While studying Carter-Wegman message authentication codes MAC, I got two different notations for the broader concept and have problems with understanding the difference, if any exist.
Let $K, K_1, K_2$...
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Does this protocol description and design look sound?
I am working on a tool that uses password derived keys for AES and a selectable modes of operation to encrypt (and later decrypt) text for storage on an insecure media. The tool is constrained to ...
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Cartesian Product Notation for Encryption and Decryption
I'm learning about encryption $(E)$ and decryption $(D)$ algorithms and am wondering what the following notation means, specifically the cartesian product for $E$ and $D$.
$k$ represents key, $P$ ...
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Question about the notation $H\leftarrow\mathcal{H}_{\mathcal{K}}$ in an IND-CCA security experiment
In the paper
"Hybrid Key Encapsulation Mechanisms and Authenticated Key Exchange"
by Bindel et al., I looked at the IND-CCA security experiment (figure 3).
In the first line of the game, ...
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Understanding $\mathbb{Z}_q[X]/(X^N + 1)$ notation in cryptography paper
I can't seem to understand what $A_{N,q}$ represents in this paper (Section 2.1 - Notations). More specifically, I'm struggling to grasp the meaning of $\mathbb{Z}_q[X]/(X^N + 1)$. Could someone ...
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On the construction and notation of a certain OWF
I am studying a little bit about one-way functions from Dr Goyal's notes.
He constructs the following OWF:
Let $D=\Bbb Z_2^{n^3}$ and $R=\Bbb Z_2^{2 n}$. Given $x \in D$, $f$ interprets $x$ as a set $...
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Confusing notation in signature scheme
In the paper Efficient and Secure Pairing-Free Certificateless Aggregate Signature Scheme for Healthcare Wireless Medical Sensor Networks, on the signature generation part (Page 5), there is an ...
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Why would be the use of such hash function definition? What would be the input of these functions?
$ G \space is \space an \space elliptic \space curve \space group \space G \space with \space order \space q$
and three hash functions are defined as this:
$$
H_1: \{0,1\}^*\times G \rightarrow Z^*_q
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Probability conventions in cryptography
I am working on Victor Shoup's tutorial on game-based security proof and want to figure out some notions from the perspective of probability theory.
Consider the following PRF advantage defined on ...
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Perp notation question
What does the symbol $\perp$ mean? I saw this on a paper where some entity outputs $\perp$.
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what is the notation of nth power of 1? [duplicate]
when reading theoretical materials, it is often seen that "a common input 1^n..." what does it mean? Are there any similar questions and answers previously in StackExchange?
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Can you identify these cryptographic algorithmic symbols?
I am mostly self taught and have limited knowledge of the symbology in the image below. It is a diagram of a sub block the RIPEMD-160 algorithm:
Are such symbols standardized? Is there a good ...
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