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1- "lean" is intransitive.

Normally, "the ladder is leaning against the wall" expresses a state is static. It already in its final position, touching the wall at an angle.

But say, in a movie, there is a slow motion scene where a ladder is moving slowly toward the wall into a leaning position.

Can we say "the ladder is leaning against the wall" to express a dynamic action in this case?

2- "lean" is transitive.

Normally, we say "I am leaning the ladder against the wall" meaning I am holding the ladder in my hands and lowering its end toward the wall into a leaning position.

In this case "lean" as a transitive verb expresses an action not a state.

Its passive voice "the ladder is being leaned against the wall" can be used to describe the slow motion scene mentioned above?

3- V3 form of a verb can be used as an adjective, so "leaned" is an adjective

Can we say "the ladder is leaned against the wall" to express the current state?

if Yes, then "the ladder is leaned against the wall" and "the ladder is leaning against the wall" are the same or different?

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  • A ladder can't actively 'lean somewhere' on its own, without someone moving it into position - so the answer to (1) is 'no'. Commented Sep 13 at 9:52
  • I think the real problem here is "against the wall". That means touching the wall, so if the ladder isn't yet touching the wall, then "against the wall" doesn't make sense. Commented Sep 13 at 17:38

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the ladder is leaning against the wall

the ladder is already in position. It wouldn't be interpreted as in motion towards the wall.

I try to imagine a possible scene at my work site. The ladder originally held upright (for the unfortunate electrician up there) is accidentally released when the fellow worker loses grips,

the ladder is tilting towards the wall and hopefully will lean nicely against it

We need descriptions like is tilting to depict the dynamic scene.

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  • What about "the ladder is leaned against the wall"? does that sentence express a current state? Commented Sep 13 at 6:08

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