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The Remah O"C 477:1 paskins that hallel at the seder should be said before chatzos. The Biur HaGra says the reason is because we say hallel over the 4th cup, and the 4th cup should be drunk before chatzos. What is the source or reason why the 4th cup must be drunk before chatzos?

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  • Why does the first cup have to be after tzes? Commented yesterday
  • Welcome to MiYodeya Y W and thanks for this first question. Great to have you learn with us! Commented 23 hours ago

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It's a great question.

The Shu"t Binyan Shlomo Siman 29 (see picture below) quotes this Gra in O.C 477 ד״ה ויקדים and says that the Gra hints to us to look in Siman 472 but he doesn't say which seif, and no one really knows what he was referring to over there. The Binyan Shlomo thinks that perhaps the Gra was sending us over to 472:1 which says that one should not make kiddush until it gets dark. And the Achronim there (Mishneh Berurah Seif Katan 4, Kaf Hachaim Seif Katan 4 and others), say the reason is that the mitzvah of the four cups (the kidush being the first one) is similar to that of matzah and marror that need to be eaten at night. Therefore, perhaps this is where the Gra got it from that one can't eat matzah and marror past chatzot (which is a whole other sugya and not so simple to say), and this would also be true for the four cups and that the fourth cup also cant be drunk after chatzot (however, see the Shu"t Binyan Shlomo there for two strong kashya's on this explanation and leaves it as a tzarich iyun on the Gra).

See the Binyan Shlomo here:

enter image description here

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  • I think this is overstated and the Gra's point is pashut. I don't see any real argument against it (other than all the regular points about how chatzot is only a chumra even for matza) Commented yesterday
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    Thank you for the marei makom. I would like to point out that the Binyan Shlomo is not going with the other reason for first cup after night fall which is b/c of kiddush b'makom seuda Commented yesterday
  • @YW thats correct. Kol Dodi says nafka mina between the reasons us if you need to drink 4th cup before chatzos. Though not sure why Taz made up that new reason, if shulchan aruch is coming from trumas hadeshen who says straight out reason for waiting untill night is because its part of 4 cups, which needs to be done at night. Commented 14 hours ago

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