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Consider the function $F:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}$ such that $F(n)=\tfrac{n^2-n}{\delta(n^2-n)}$, where $\delta$ returns the biggest prime factor of its input. I wonder if this function always stabilizes for any $n\ge2$, e.g.

$$41\to40\to120\to840\to840$$

Notice that the sequence $\{F^{(k)}(n)\}_k$ will always stabilize whenever $F^{(k)}(n)-1$ is prime.

After running some code, it looks like this happens quite often but perhaps not always, e.g.

$$116\to460\to9180\to615060\to69501780\to3098458854180$$ $$\to228250571100148357020\to1597753997701038499140$$ $$\to66376869992686262963920779540\to3051942105393721684818113522469660$$ $$\to1842552059231456986496924495034130301460$$ $$\to14625963786809032272119228874352339583592033747278816254956293171340\to?$$

after which the program crashes. I wonder if there is a rigorous way to justify whether this function always stabilizes or not.

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    $\begingroup$ NB: I get $f(59254216000980)=5672152041826712\mathbf{454192180}$, not $5672152041826712213782528$, and $f(5672152041826712454192180)=5672152041826712454192180$. Perhaps 81 is a better example of a difficult starting value? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 24 at 1:45
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    $\begingroup$ Thanks, looks like Pycharm can't handle $f(59254216000980)$ correctly. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 24 at 10:02
  • $\begingroup$ On the one hand, the terms at least double (from the second term onwards) if the sequence doesn't stabilize. By the usual heuristics, this would suggest that such a sequence contains few primes. On the other hand, terms contain lots of small factors, making it easier for $f^{(k)}(n)-1$ to be prime. $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 24 at 13:03

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