Are there any hidden words in this sentence? [closed]

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Children growing up in Costa Rica are surrounded by some of the most beautiful and diverse landscapes in the world........................................................................................................................

Am I right ?...................... ........................................................................................................... Children "are" growing up in Costa Rica"which they" are surrounded by some of the most beautiful and diverse landscapes in the world. ................................................................................................. Are "are" and "which they" hidden in the above sentence?

reduced relative clauses.... some call it, whiz deletion, I think is what you are asking about. I think because the question as it looks, is not very clear. — Mari-Lou A
– Mari-Lou A, Commented Jun 3, 2019 at 8:17
If you want to start a new line, press the spacebar twice and then "enter" tab. Please get rid of those dotted lines. — Mari-Lou A
– Mari-Lou A, Commented Jun 3, 2019 at 8:19
Related: “I hate Jill singing those songs.” = “I hate Jill when she is singing those songs.”? and Shakespearean relative clause: “I have a brother is condemned to die” — Mari-Lou A
– Mari-Lou A, Commented Jun 3, 2019 at 8:23
The word "are" is not missing or hidden, you would simply reposition it. The "which they" would be completely out of place, unless you say "where they..." — Weather Vane
– Weather Vane, Commented Jun 3, 2019 at 8:48

Tim Lymington · Accepted Answer · 2019-06-03 09:14:25Z

No, there is no ellipsis in your example. "Children growing up in Costa Rica" could be replace by "childen who grow up/are growing up in Costa Rica" without changing the sense, but that would be a different construction. "Which they" is entirely impossible to put into your sentence, though you could say "[Some] children grow up in Costa Rica, where they are surrounded...". Again, this is a different construction, and not quite the same meaning.

The main verb is "are surrounded"; the subject is the entire phrase before that.

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