Questions tagged [neurotransmitter]
Small molecules involved in the propagation of a nerve signal across the synapses.
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Acetylcholine and adrenaline action
How do adrenaline and nordrenaline have an effect opposite to that of acetylcholine if all the three are excitatory neurotransmitters?
Noradrenaline significantly attenuated the dialysate ACh ...
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What makes dopaminergic neurons fire when maintaining base dopamine levels?
Are they signaled by other action potentials? Other neurotransmitters? Do they just fire on their own? If not triggered by an external stimulus, why does depolarization make them fire more frequently?
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Which co-transmitters are released first?
I understand that a single neuron can release different neurotransmitters depending on the frequency of its stimulation (see https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10818/). As the frequency of ...
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Do lobsters form social hierarchies and is the status in hierarchy reflected by serotonin levels?
In his book 12 rules for life Jordan Peterson claims that:
Consider serotonin, the chemical that governs posture and escape in the lobster. Low-
ranking lobsters produce comparatively low levels of ...
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Neurons: how does the brain reduce electromagnetic interference?
I read that the frequency of signal over neural ion channels in the brain can range from .19 Hz - 30 Hz at low voltage. For an interference example, AC electricity is 60 Hz at high voltage and ...
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Vision and signal through the nervous system: Is it Frequency Shift Keying?
I have questions regarding the signal between the retina and other parts of the brain. There are two types bipolar cells which are excited by light or darkness to the retina.
Question: Do these form ...
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Impact of increased sodium conductance at a neuromuscular junction
If trans-epithelial Na+ transport were to increase at the synapse(please consider both pre and post-synaptic membrane situations) in a neuromuscular junction, how would that manifest itself? My guess ...
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Is Signal Transduction Unidirectional from the Stimuli to the Final Receptor?
I wonder if signal transduction in biological systems including visual, olfactory, tactile or any other biological system, is unidirectional. Suppose that $X_i$ is the $ith$ cell in the signal ...
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Is there a difference between human neuron cells compared to those of other animals?
Thanks for looking.
Firstly, I am nowhere near biologist, just a student, so my apologies if this isn't a "good" question.
Background:
So I was searching about intelligence, brains and ...
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Where are neurotransmitters secreted?
As far as I know, neurotransmitters are proteins, so they should be secreted from the cell body of the neurons.
However, when I checked online, they say neurotransmitters are secreted in the axon ...
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Using serotonin for relief from allergies
When someone suffers from an allergy, due some allergens they are given drugs like anti-histamine, adrenaline or serotonin. How does serotonin affects the body to give a relieve from the action of ...
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Alternative hypothesis for learning in brain beyond the hebbian rule
I was reading on wikipedia that there are exceptions to the hebbian rule, and I was curious about the possibilities of other hypotheses of how learning occur in the brain. So I would like to know:
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How do anticholinesterase pesticides kill nematodes?
Compounds that inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase are commonly used as pesticides. In animals with centralized respiratory systems controlled by the nervous system, poisoning with an ...
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Are endorphins addictive?
Endorphins are among the brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters, which function to transmit electrical signals within the nervous system. Stress and pain are the two most common factors leading to ...
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Can catecholamines degrade back into tyrosine, or, is synthesis irreversible? (in human body)
Catecholamines like dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline are broken down with enzymes that catalyze the reaction. Can they degrade back into tyrosine (a conditionally essential amino acid), or is ...
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