Mark 10:29-30 YLT
And Jesus answering said, 'Verily I say to you, there is no one who left house, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or fields, for my sake, and for the good news' who may not receive an hundredfold now in this time, houses, and brothers, and sisters, and mothers, and children, and fields, with persecutions, and in the age that is coming, life age-during;
The answer to this question is provided by the grammar of the statement itself.
In Mark 10:30, we have the phrase, "now in this time/age" involves the demonstrative pronoun, τούτῳ (in its dative masculine singular form) which simply means "this", ie, what has just been spoken about.
Therefore, "now in this time" simply means, as Barnes correctly observes:
In this time - In this life. In the time that he forsakes all.
The presence of the adverb νῦν (nun) = "now" serves to emphasize this conclusion. Now, before rushing to overly literal conclusions, Barnes goes on to observe:
Houses ... - This cannot be taken literally, as promising a hundred times as many "mothers, sisters," etc. It means, evidently, that the loss shall be a hundred times "compensated" or made up; or that, in the possession of religion, we have a hundred times the "value" of all we forsake. This consists in the pardon of sin, in the favor of God, in peace of conscience, in support in trials and in death, and in raising up "friends" in the place of those who are left
- "spiritual brethren, and sisters, and mothers," etc. And this corresponds to the experience of all who ever became Christians. At the same time. it is true that godliness is profitable "for all things," having the promise of the life that is, as well as of that which is to come.
The Pulpit commentary arrives at a similar conclusion:
He who forsakes his own for the sake of Christ will find others, many in number, who will give him the love of brethren and sisters, with even greater affection; so that he will seem not to have lost or forsaken his own, but to have received them again with interest. For spiritual affections are far deeper than natural; and his love is stronger who burns with heavenly love which God has kindled, than he who is influenced by earthly love only, which only nature has planted. But in the fullest sense, he who forsakes these earthly things for the sake of Christ, receives instead, God himself. For to those who forsake all for him, he is himself father, brother, sister, and all things. So that he will have possessions far richer than what earth can supply
There is an interesting and significant addition from Jesus: Despite receiving a hundred-fold more, the true Christian will still have his life "with persecutions".
There are a variety of ways to interpret "now in this time."
Literally now, but not literal houses, brothers and sisters, etc. Those who forsake all else for Jesus' sake will not get rich or necessarily win the love of their families, but they will be granted spiritual wealth and a new family in Christ.
Not literally the current age but in the world to come. Although Jesus said "in this time," he was referring to the eternal moment of being in God's presence, which begins when one forsakes the fallen world for God's kingdom.
Jesus was being facetious. His reply here mocked Peter's lack of humility. The rich young man of the previous paragraph could not enter the kingdom because he was unwilling to give up his wealth. Peter had no wealth, but he erred in his attitude by expecting to be rewarded because he had "given up everything and followed you." Jesus' reply playfully teases Peter for expecting a reward.
In the actual time when Jesus was alive. Like the prophecy that the Son of Man would come before the disciples had gone to all of the towns of Israel (Matthew 10:23), Jesus' hope in this case simply did not come to pass.
These are some of the viewpoints that commentators have expressed. There may be others. The question can only be answered through interpretation, which leads to various opinions.
