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I’m working on a data processing pipeline in Python that needs to handle very large log files (several GBs). I want to avoid loading the entire file into memory, so I’m trying to use generators to process the file line-by-line.

Here’s a simplified version of what I’m doing:


def read_large_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            yield process_line(line)

def process_line(line):
    # some complex processing logic here
    return line.strip()

for processed in read_large_file('huge_log.txt'):
    # write to output or further process
    pass

My questions are:

  1. Is this the most memory-efficient way to handle large files in Python?

  2. Would using mmap or Path(file).open() provide any performance benefit over a standard open() call?

  3. Are there any Pythonic patterns or third-party libraries that better support this kind of stream processing with low overhead?

Would appreciate any advice on best practices for large-file processing in real-world scenarios.

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  • Question 3 is rather off-topic on StackOverflow because it is "Seeking recommendations for software libraries, tutorials, tools, books, or other off-site resources". That being said, AFAIK there are many modules for parsing regarding your needs. If you need speed, then Python might not be the best solution (there are language for text streaming computations and fast SIMD-friendly native libraries for that). If you only focus on memory usage, CPython is fine as long as lines are not too big. If they can be, then using modules or reading chunks of line is the key to avoid issues. Commented Apr 14 at 14:46
  • 2
    Depending on your processing, you'll probably find you can get it done many times faster using awk, grep or sed which are highly optimised for this type of thing. Commented Apr 14 at 15:11
  • What is your actual processng? Commented Apr 14 at 21:44
  • 1
    Iterating over lines of a file object is memory-efficient already. Are you actually running memory issues with your current code? Commented Apr 15 at 2:39

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