Science

Today, I’m thrilled to share what I believe is the biggest breakthrough in microbiome science for a decade. Nature Magazine, the world's most influential scientific journal, has just published a scientific paper by ZOE's scientists, establishing the first reliable, repeatable, global way to measure the health of an individual’s gut microbiome. It represents the culmination of eight years of work at ZOE. Scientists have been trying to solve this puzzle for more than 20 years, right back to when they first discovered how important our gut microbes are for our health. It’s been achieved only because more than 34,000 ZOE members took part in this research. We’ve known for a long time that the microbiome is linked to cholesterol, inflammation, blood sugar control and even how we store fat. But we’ve never had a clear, evidence-based way to measure how healthy a microbiome actually is. This analysis finally delivers it, revealing a global ranking of microbes that works across populations, diets and environments. The insights are remarkable. Among the top 50 “good microbes” linked with better health, 22 were completely unknown to science until today, and most of the others have never been successfully grown in a lab. We also discovered clear links between these good microbes and health outcomes: healthy individuals carry around 3.6 more of these beneficial species, and people at a healthy weight carry about 5.2 more than those living with obesity. We also found a strong connection to diet. People eating healthier diets consistently have microbiomes that score better on this ranking. What we eat shapes our gut health, and now we can measure this relationship with unprecedented clarity. ZOE was created to enable microbiome research at a scale that traditional science has been unable to fund, and use this research to create actionable advice that can transform our gut health. This is a major milestone in that journey. I’m delighted to say that as a result, this breakthrough science is immediately available for the public to investigate their own microbiome through ZOE’s new Gut Health Test in the UK, and this is coming soon in the US. You can now receive not only a reliable measurement of how healthy your microbiome is as you change their diet, but also discover the health of clusters of gut microbes in your gut affecting metabolism, inflammation and more. To all our amazing ZOE members who have participated in our science: you made this possible. You are transforming our understanding of the microbiome. Thank you so much. I hope you feel as proud and excited as I do. I should note that your research is now published in Nature, which is the ultimate scientific accolade, and you can definitely brag about that with your friends! If you think this science could help others understand their health, I’d love for you to share it. You’ll find links to more details from our findings and access to the paper in the comments.

Big breakthrough: A few months my lab at MIT introduced SPARKS, our autonomous scientific discovery model. Since then we have demonstrated applicability to broad problem spaces across domains from proteins, bio-inspired materials to inorganic materials. SPARKS learns by doing, thinks by critiquing itself & creates knowledge through recursive interaction; not just with data, but with the physical & logical consequences of its own ideas. It closes the entire scientific loop - hypothesis generation, data retrieval, coding, simulation, critique, refinement, & detailed manuscript drafting - without prompts, manual tuning, or human oversight. SPARKS is fundamentally different from frontier models. While models like o3-pro and o3 deep research can produce summaries, they stop short of full discovery. SPARKS conducts the entire scientific process autonomously, generating & validating falsifiable hypotheses, interpreting results & refining its approach until a reproducible, fully validated evidence-based discovery emerges. This is the first time we've seen AI discover new science. SPARKS is orders of magnitude more capable than frontier models & even when comparing just the writing, SPARKS still outperforms: in our benchmark evaluation, it scored 1.6× higher than o3-pro and over 2.5× higher than o3 deep research - not because it writes more, but because it writes with purpose, grounded in original, validated compositional reasoning from start to finish. We benchmarked SPARKS on several case studies, where it uncovered two previously unknown protein design rules: 1⃣ Length-dependent mechanical crossover β-sheet-rich peptides outperform α-helices—but only once chains exceed ~80 amino acids. Below that, helices dominate. No prior systematic study had exposed this crossover, leaving protein designers without a quantitative rule for sizing sheet-rich materials. This discovery resolves a long-standing ambiguity in molecular design and provides a principle to guide the structural tuning of biomaterials and protein-based nanodevices based on mechanical strength. 2⃣ A stability “frustration zone” At intermediate lengths (~50- 70 residues) with balanced α/β content, peptide stability becomes highly variable. Sparks mapped this volatile region and explained its cause: competing folding nuclei and exposed edge strands that destabilize structure. This insight pinpoints a failure regime in protein design where instability arises not from randomness, but from well-defined physical constraints, giving designers new levers to avoid brittle configurations or engineer around them. This gives engineers and biologists a roadmap for avoiding stability traps in de novo design - especially when exploring hybrid motifs. Stay tuned for more updates & examples, papers and more details.

🌍 We Can’t Afford to Get Climate Policy Wrong—A Look at the Data Behind What Really Works 🌍 In the race against time to combat climate change, bold promises are everywhere. But here’s the critical question: Are the policies being implemented actually reducing emissions at the scale we need? A groundbreaking study published in Science, cuts through the noise and delivers the insights we desperately need. Evaluating 1,500 climate policies from around the world, the research identifies the 63 most effective ones—policies that have delivered tangible, significant reductions in emissions. What’s striking is that the most successful strategies often involve combinations of policies, rather than single initiatives. Think of it as the ultimate teamwork: when policies like carbon pricing, renewable energy mandates, and efficiency standards are combined thoughtfully, the impact is far greater than any one policy could achieve on its own. It’s a powerful reminder that for climate solutions the whole is indeed greater than the sum of its parts. Moreover, the study’s use of counterfactual emissions pathways is a game changer. By showing what would have happened without these policies, it provides a clear, quantifiable measure of their effectiveness. This is exactly the kind of rigorous evaluation we need to ensure that every policy counts, especially when we’re working against the clock. If we’re serious about meeting the Paris Agreement’s targets, we need to focus on what works—and this research offers a clear roadmap. Let’s champion policies that have proven to make a difference, because we don’t have time to waste on anything less. 🔗 Full study in the comments #ClimateAction #Sustainability #PolicyEffectiveness #ParisAgreement #NetZero #ClimateScience

Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions 🌎 In the pursuit of net zero targets, transparency in emissions reporting is key for organizations. A believable claim to net zero requires clear communication about the organization's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the methods used to measure them. The initial step in this journey is for an organization to quantify and understand its GHG emissions, which are broadly classified into three scopes: ▪ Scope 1: Direct emissions from owned or controlled sources. ▪ Scope 2: Indirect GHG emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heat, and cooling consumed by the organization. ▪ Scope 3: All other indirect emissions that occur in the value chain of the organization, both upstream and downstream. Comprehensive GHG accounting of both operational footprint (scopes 1 and 2) and the wider indirect emissions (scope 3) forms the basis of this understanding. Additionally, organizations must verify their consolidation and boundary-setting approaches to ensure accurate and complete emissions reporting. Conducting a hotspot analysis is also crucial to pinpoint where the most significant emissions occur within the operations and value chain. Regular measurement of emissions is an essential practice for organizations on the path to net zero, enabling them to track progress, identify opportunities for reduction, and demonstrate real commitment to a sustainable future. Source: South Pole #sustainability #sustainable #climatechange #climateaction #netzero #emissions #transparency

I can always tell if an analyst is illogical by this one sign: Their presentations. When it comes to sharing insights, *how* you structure your message matters just as much as *what* you’re saying. Two simple concepts can make your presentations more effective: 1) Vertical logic 2) Horizontal logic ——— 1) Vertical logic is about focus Every slide should have one clear takeaway, which is stated right in the title (not descriptive like “Overview” or “Results” but something like “Sales dropped due to supply delays”). Everything else on the slide - charts, text, visuals - should support that message. ——— 2) Horizontal logic is about flow Each slide should build naturally from the one before it. Click through your deck and read only the slide titles. Does it read like a story from start to finish? ——— When you have both vertical and horizontal logic, your message is clearer, your deck flows, and your audience remains engaged. Here’s my quick checklist before presenting: ✅ Can I follow the storyline by reading just the slide titles?  ✅ Does each slide build on the one before it? ✅ Is the takeaway of each slide instantly clear? If not - back to editing! P.S. New here? I’m Morgan. I share my favorite data viz and data storytelling tips to help other analysts (and academics) better communicate their work.

For decades, we’ve been told “we need to save the planet”. But the truth is, the planet will be fine. Over billions of years it’s weathered asteroid impacts, ice ages, and mass extinctions at a scale we can hardly imagine. What’s at stake now is something far more fragile: us. That’s the message at the heart of a new Lancet article which argues that as the climate warms and ecosystems falter, we are no longer facing a purely environmental crisis, but a full-scale public health emergency. Environmental breakdown is no longer altering only forests, coastlines, and deserts. It is disrupting the very foundations of human health and wellbeing: our bodies. The true costs of planetary breakdown are not found in charts. They are found in neonatal units and cancer registries, in stolen potential, and in the quiet grief of families facing wholly preventable illnesses and deaths. Recognising that human and planetary health are inseparable should not just sharpen our sense of urgency, it must fundamentally reshape how we govern, invest, and lead. For the last 150 years, we have been dismantling the very foundations of prosperity and doing so in the name of prosperity itself. There was a time where we could feign ignorance, but that time has long passed. The science is clear. The risks are measurable. The costs are already being paid in hospital admissions, in economic disruption, and in the slow erosion of public trust. What remains in doubt is not the data, but whether those in power are prepared to govern in accordance with the world as it is, not as it once was.

A new 20-year analysis of satellite data shows that the Old Continent’s freshwater reserves are shrinking, silently and steadily. Satellites that weigh the Earth by tracking gravitational changes reveal 👉 Northern Europe is getting wetter. 👉 Southern and central Europe are drying fast. And what’s disappearing fastest is the water we don’t see — groundwater, the strategic reserve that keeps our taps running, our crops alive, and our economies functioning. This is #climatechange in real time. No models, no projections — observations from space. Researchers warn that Europe is barreling toward a 2°C world, and the consequences are already here: • Heavier downpours but longer, harsher dry spells • Winter recharge seasons shrinking • More runoff, less infiltration • Deep aquifers declining across the EU • Increasing pressure on public water supply and agriculture Groundwater is the backbone of Europe’s resilience. In 2022 alone: 🔹 62% of all public water supply came from groundwater 🔹 33% of agricultural demand relied on it 🔹 Groundwater abstractions increased by 6% despite lower overall water use Farmers across southern Europe are watching reservoirs drop while fruit and vegetable yields continue to fall. These are the same dynamics long documented across the Global South, now hitting Europe with unprecedented force. The old assumptions no longer hold. Europe is not water-secure. Infrastructure alone will not save us. New reservoirs arriving in 20 years are not a solution for a crisis happening today. We need: ✅ Radical efficiency — cutting leakage, modernising networks, accelerating water-smart design ✅ Water reuse at scale — separating drinking water systems from non-potable recycled streams ✅ Nature-based solutions — restoring wetlands, aquifers, and natural recharge ✅ Smarter climate-informed water governance — using the best science to guide every decision ✅ A mindset shift — rainwater harvesting, circular water systems, and demand-side management must become standard, not exceptional read the article in The Guardian 👇 https://lnkd.in/eeTsyMve

Think about the last presentation you sat through. Do you remember anything from it? Probably not. Most presentations fail because they are: ❌ Overloaded with bullet points ❌ Devoid of emotion ❌ Data dumps with no clear story The good news? You can make your presentation unforgettable with these 7 simple shifts: 1. Start with a Hook, Not an Intro Most presenters begin with "I'm excited to be here today..." and lose the audience immediately. Fix: Grab attention from the start. Example: “Your company is losing $10M a year—and you don’t even know why.” 2. Tell a Story, Not Just Data People remember stories, not statistics. Instead of listing facts, wrap them in a compelling narrative. Fix: Use the “Problem → Struggle → Solution” technique. Example: "Before using our system, Sarah’s team spent 3 hours a day on reports. She tried different tools, but nothing worked—until she found our solution. Now? Just 15 minutes a day." 3. Use Contrast & Surprise The brain is wired for novelty. If your presentation sounds predictable, people will tune out. Fix: Vary your tone, pace, and visuals. Drop in an unexpected question, statistic, or pause to keep them engaged. 4. Say Less, Mean More Too much information overloads the audience. They’ll remember nothing. Fix: Cut the fluff. Stick to one core message per slide, per section, per speech. 5. Make It Visual Bullet points don’t inspire. Images and metaphors do. Fix: Instead of saying “Our product is faster,” show a race car next to a bicycle. 6. End with a Bang, Not a Fizzle Most presentations end with “Thank you” and no real impact. Fix: Leave them with one key idea and a clear next step. Example: “If you only take away one thing today, let it be this…” 7. Master the Pause Most speakers talk too fast and leave no room for ideas to sink in. Fix: Silence is power. Pause after key points to let them land. 💡 A great presentation isn’t about information—it’s about transformation. Make your next one impossible to forget. What’s the most memorable presentation you’ve ever seen? Drop a comment below! ⬇

I’ve worked on AI my whole life because I’ve always believed it could unlock the ability to answer some of the biggest and most intractable problems in science. Our first big science breakthrough happened five years ago when we announced our solution to the protein structure prediction problem: AlphaFold 2. It has been incredible to see its impact since then. More than 3 million researchers across 190 countries have used this tool for disease understanding, drug discovery and more. And it was an honour of a lifetime for our work to be recognised last year with a Nobel Prize. One of our greatest ambitions is for AI to aid in accelerating drug design and help cure all diseases. This is what led me to found Isomorphic Labs, which is already making amazing progress. We’ve also expanded AlphaFold to predict the interactions of all of life’s molecules. But AlphaFold represents more than a solution to a biological puzzle. It demonstrated how AI can crack ‘root node’ problems - where a single breakthrough unlocks entire new avenues of research. It is a critical step towards a long-held dream of mine: building a virtual cell. Imagine running ‘in silico’ experiments orders of magnitude faster than in a wet lab. Scientists could rapidly test hypotheses, model complex pathways and see how a drug affects a cell. It would be an incredible boon not only for fundamental biology but also for medicine. Although for me, AlphaFold was never just about biology. It was the first major proof point for a much larger thesis: that AI could be the ultimate tool for advancing science. By processing data or helping us come up with new hypotheses, I think AI will help us tackle some of humanity’s greatest challenges and answer fundamental questions about the universe. From materials design to fusion energy to mathematics, I believe we’re on the cusp of a new golden age of discovery. We’re just getting started. Read more about AlphaFold’s impact: https://lnkd.in/eNeqxqQp

“Our messaging is not working” Enrique Ortiz, a veteran conservationist and founding member of the Andes Amazon Fund, has spent decades translating the complexities of ecosystems into action. But in his recent commentary for Mongabay, he issues a striking critique—not of science itself, but of how it’s conveyed. “Facts are not the most important part,” Ortiz writes. “The current narrative needs a re-thinking.” That rethinking, he argues, begins not with more data, but with deeper insight into how people process information, make decisions, and respond emotionally to the world around them. Ortiz’s concern is not that people are unaware of climate change. In fact, the majority of the global population acknowledges it. But many remain unmoved, caught in a web of abstract language, ideological filters, and emotional distance. Scientific accuracy, while essential, often falters in the face of cognitive and cultural barriers. Ortiz points to the findings of cognitive scientists and neuroscientists: facts rarely shift belief systems. Instead, people gravitate toward stories, experiences, and social cues. “When facing uncertainty,” he notes, “humans make decisions that are satisfactory, rather than optimal.” This disconnect, Ortiz argues, is especially clear in environmental communication. Words like “rewilding,” “green,” or “ecological” may have once inspired clarity, but have since become muddled through overuse or conflicting interpretations. Worse, they sometimes trigger skepticism or backlash. In this fog of abstraction, the human connection is lost. What’s needed, Ortiz suggests, is a new narrative strategy—one that harnesses the emotional power of stories and speaks to how people actually think and feel. He draws from his own experience as an educator: while his lectures on plant-animal interactions faded from memory, it was the stories that lingered. This phenomenon, known as “narrative transportation,” isn’t mere sentimentality. It’s a neurological reality that helps ideas stick—and decisions shift. Rather than continuing to warn of catastrophe, Ortiz believes we should share stories of adaptation and resilience. From Andean farmers modifying how they grow quinoa and potatoes, to everyday consumers making environmentally conscious choices, these narratives offer agency and hope. They bridge divides and foster shared values. “Our messaging is not working,” Ortiz writes bluntly. “We need a revolution in narratives—and in how we tell them.” That revolution may begin not in the lab or the newsroom, but in the quiet space where empathy meets understanding—and where change can finally take root. 📰 His piece: https://lnkd.in/gmrWBcc5 📸 Hoatzin. My photo.