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Mapped: Renewable Electricity’s Share Across Europe

Published

See this visualization first on the Voronoi app.

This infographic maps renewable electricity's share of net electricity generation across 38 European countries.

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Mapped: Renewable Electricity’s Share Across Europe

This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.

Key Takeaways

  • The EU generates around 42% of its electricity from renewable sources
  • Albania and Norway are nearly 100% powered by renewables, followed by Denmark at 88.6%
  • Kosovo, Malta, and Moldova have the lowest share of renewables in electricity generation

Europe’s transition to clean energy is well underway, with renewables making up an increasing share of electricity generation in many countries.

However, within the European continent, the share of renewables in electricity generation varies widely from country to country, ranging from as high as 99% to less than 10% in some countries.

This graphic maps European countries by the share of their net electricity generation coming from renewable sources, using data from Eurostat. The figures include electricity generated from wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal, and biofuels.

Europe’s Renewable Energy Transition

As of December 2024, the European Union (EU) derived nearly 42% of its net electricity from renewable sources, with wind and hydropower playing key roles in the overall mix.

Here’s the full breakdown of renewables’ share of electricity generation across 38 European countries:

CountryShare of net electricity generation from renewable sources
Albania 🇦🇱99.3%
Norway 🇳🇴99.1%
Denmark 🇩🇰88.6%
Luxembourg 🇱🇺87.4%
Portugal 🇵🇹78.6%
Lithuania 🇱🇹75.8%
Sweden 🇸🇪73.1%
Croatia 🇭🇷67.6%
Latvia 🇱🇻65.1%
Austria 🇦🇹63.9%
Estonia 🇪🇪63.2%
Montenegro 🇲🇪63.2%
Finland 🇫🇮58.7%
Georgia 🇬🇪58.5%
Ireland 🇮🇪54.1%
Germany 🇩🇪52.0%
Spain 🇪🇸48.2%
Netherlands 🇳🇱45.9%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 🇧🇦42.8%
Romania 🇷🇴42.4%
Greece 🇬🇷41.9%
European Union 🇪🇺41.7%
Italy 🇮🇹38.0%
Türkiye 🇹🇷36.3%
North Macedonia 🇲🇰33.8%
Belgium 🇧🇪32.3%
Serbia 🇷🇸27.0%
Poland 🇵🇱25.4%
France 🇫🇷24.6%
Slovenia 🇸🇮23.4%
Cyprus 🇨🇾18.1%
Bulgaria 🇧🇬17.1%
Hungary 🇭🇺15.5%
Slovakia 🇸🇰15.3%
Czechia 🇨🇿13.0%
Moldova 🇲🇩12.2%
Malta 🇲🇹9.4%
Kosovo 🇽🇰8.8%

Albania leads, generating over 99% of its electricity from renewables, predominantly hydropower. Similarly, Norway also generates almost all of its electricity from renewables, with 89% of it coming from hydropower alone.

Denmark ranks third, with wind energy playing a key role in its renewable and overall electricity generation. Overall, the leading countries for renewable electricity are geographically distributed across Eastern and Western Europe.

However, fossil fuels also remain central to the grid in parts of Central and Eastern Europe. At the lowest extreme of the spectrum, Kosovo still generates the vast majority of its power from coal, gas, or oil, with renewables making up just 8.8% of the total.

Malta (9.4%) and Moldova (12.4%) follow, along with Czechia (13%), as the top countries with the lowest share of renewables in electricity generation.

Europe’s Clean Energy Goals

The EU has set a binding target of at least a 42.5% share of renewables in its overall energy mix (including electricity, heating, cooling, and other types of energy) by 2030, while aiming for a 45% share. This is more than double the current share of 19.5%, based on the latest available data from 2023.

In support of these goals, the EU has launched various initiatives for clean energy financing, including funding for offshore renewables and billions of euros in investments under the EU Green Deal.

Learn More on the Voronoi App

If you enjoyed today’s post, check out How the EU Generates its Electricity in 2025 on Voronoi, the app from Visual Capitalist.

AI

Mapped: Where U.S. Jobs Are Most Exposed to AI

See which U.S. states have the highest share of AI-exposed jobs, led by Washington, Virginia, and Washington, D.C.

Published

This visualization ranks all 50 states and Washington, D.C. by the share of workers employed in occupations considered highly exposed to AI disruption.

Where AI Exposure Is Highest Across the U.S.

Key Takeaways

  • Washington has the highest share of AI-exposed jobs, at 5.7% of its workforce.
  • California has the largest number of AI-exposed positions overall, at roughly 724,000 jobs.
  • Mississippi has the lowest share of AI-exposed jobs in the study, at 1.9%.

Artificial intelligence is becoming capable of performing tasks across a growing range of white-collar and technical occupations.

This visualization maps all 50 states and Washington, D.C., by the share of workers employed in occupations considered highly exposed to AI-related disruption. It also highlights the states with the largest and smallest numbers of workers in these roles.

The data for this visualization comes from SmartAsset, using U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data and research from the Virginia Economic Information and Analytics Division. The analysis covers 26 occupations identified as having particularly high exposure to potential AI-related disruption.

AI exposure does not necessarily mean these jobs will disappear. Instead, it reflects how susceptible their tasks may be to changes such as automation, weaker hiring demand, wage pressure, or restructuring as AI tools become more capable.

Why Washington Tops the Map

Washington ranks first, with 5.7% of its workforce employed in highly AI-exposed occupations.

The state’s large technology sector helps explain its position, with companies such as Microsoft and Amazon supporting a significant concentration of software developers, programmers, database specialists, and other digital roles.

RankState or DistrictAI-Exposed Jobs (%)
1Washington5.7%
2Virginia4.6%
3District of Columbia4.5%
4California4.0%
5Utah4.0%
6Maryland3.9%
7Colorado3.7%
8New Hampshire3.7%
9Texas3.6%
10North Carolina3.5%
11South Dakota3.5%
12Oregon3.4%
13New Jersey3.4%
14Massachusetts3.2%
15Minnesota3.2%
16Georgia3.2%
17Arizona3.1%
18New York3.1%
19Tennessee3.1%
20Nebraska3.1%
21Florida3.0%
22Connecticut2.9%
23Michigan2.9%
24Missouri2.8%
25Illinois2.8%
26Wisconsin2.8%
27Rhode Island2.8%
28West Virginia2.7%
29Kansas2.7%
30Pennsylvania2.7%
31Iowa2.7%
32Delaware2.7%
33Vermont2.7%
34Ohio2.6%
35Alabama2.6%
36Maine2.5%
37Idaho2.5%
38Montana2.5%
39Nevada2.5%
40Alaska2.4%
41South Carolina2.4%
42North Dakota2.3%
43Kentucky2.3%
44Oklahoma2.3%
45Louisiana2.3%
46Indiana2.2%
47Arkansas2.2%
48Wyoming2.2%
49New Mexico2.1%
50Hawaii2.1%
51Mississippi1.9%

Virginia follows at 4.6%, reflecting its mix of technology firms, federal contractors, and knowledge-based employment. Washington, D.C., ranks third at 4.5%, while California and Utah round out the top five at 4.0% each.

At the other end of the ranking, Mississippi has the lowest share in the study, at 1.9%.

California Has the Most AI-Exposed Jobs

California has the largest absolute number of workers in highly exposed occupations, with approximately 724,000 positions.

Texas follows with about 500,000, while New York and Florida each have roughly 301,000.

RankStateStates With the Most AI-Exposed Jobs
1California724K
2Texas500K
3New York301K
4Florida301K
5Washington202K

At the other end of the scale, Wyoming has just 6,000 AI-exposed positions, followed by Alaska and Vermont at about 8,000 each.

Rank StateStates With the Fewest AI-Exposed Jobs
1Wyoming6K
2Alaska8K
3Vermont8K
4North Dakota10K
5Montana13K

What Types of Jobs Are Most Exposed to AI?

The 26 occupations span technology, communications, administration, finance, and other knowledge-based fields.

Mathematicians rank as the most exposed occupation, followed by proofreaders, correspondence clerks, court reporters, and media and communication workers. Computer programmers, database administrators, web developers, software developers, writers, translators, payroll clerks, and bookkeeping workers also appear on the list.

Many of these roles involve processing information, generating or reviewing text, working with structured data, or performing routine digital tasks, all areas where generative AI and other automation tools have advanced quickly.

Still, exposure should be interpreted as the potential for jobs to change rather than a direct estimate of how many positions will ultimately be eliminated.

Learn More on the Voronoi App

To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the smartest AI models in 2026.

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United States

Mapped: Does Your State Trade More With China or the EU?

The European Union has emerged as an unexpected beneficiary of rising trade tensions between the U.S. and China.

Published

Map of the U.S. showing the states which trade more with China or more with the European Union.

Does Your State Trade More With China or the EU?

Key Takeaways

  • All but five U.S. states traded more with the European Union than China in 2025.
  • China accounted for 13% of California’s goods trade, the highest share among the five China-oriented states.
  • Alaska, Illinois, Oregon, and Wyoming shifted to trading more with the EU than China in 2025.

China and the European Union are two of America’s biggest trading partners, but their influence looks very different from state to state.

This U.S. map highlights which states trade more with China versus the European Union, using 2025 data from the U.S. Census Bureau. Only goods trade is included; trade in services is excluded.

A Trade War on Two Fronts

Within months of the start of President Donald Trump’s second term, the U.S. announced sweeping tariffs on dozens of economies, including major trading partners such as China and the EU.

The U.S. initially announced a 34% reciprocal tariff on Chinese goods in April 2025, which was later raised above 100% amid retaliatory measures before being reduced. Against that backdrop, U.S.-China trade fell 29% from the previous year.

The table below lists U.S. states based on whether they traded more with China or the EU in 2025.

StateTrades More With (2025)EU-to-China Ratio
Alabama🇪🇺 EU2.6
Alaska🇪🇺 EU1.6
Arizona🇪🇺 EU3.0
Arkansas🇪🇺 EU3.1
California🇨🇳 China0.8
Colorado🇪🇺 EU2.5
Connecticut🇪🇺 EU6.0
Delaware🇪🇺 EU3.2
D.C.🇪🇺 EU27.2
Florida🇪🇺 EU3.6
Georgia🇪🇺 EU2.6
Hawaii🇪🇺 EU1.5
Idaho🇪🇺 EU2.1
Illinois🇪🇺 EU1.6
Indiana🇪🇺 EU8.6
Iowa🇪🇺 EU2.4
Kansas🇪🇺 EU2.8
Kentucky🇪🇺 EU4.3
Louisiana🇪🇺 EU7.7
Maine🇪🇺 EU5.1
Maryland🇪🇺 EU7.0
Massachusetts🇪🇺 EU3.9
Michigan🇪🇺 EU1.9
Minnesota🇪🇺 EU1.2
Mississippi🇪🇺 EU2.0
Missouri🇪🇺 EU1.6
Montana🇪🇺 EU4.0
Nebraska🇪🇺 EU1.7
Nevada🇨🇳 China0.7
New Hampshire🇪🇺 EU8.2
New Jersey🇪🇺 EU4.1
New Mexico🇨🇳 China0.3
New York🇪🇺 EU3.3
North Carolina🇪🇺 EU5.0
North Dakota🇪🇺 EU3.3
Ohio🇪🇺 EU2.4
Oklahoma🇪🇺 EU1.2
Oregon🇪🇺 EU1.1
Pennsylvania🇪🇺 EU4.4
Rhode Island🇪🇺 EU10.2
South Carolina🇪🇺 EU2.9
South Dakota🇨🇳 China0.9
Tennessee🇪🇺 EU2.2
Texas🇪🇺 EU2.7
Utah🇪🇺 EU1.4
Vermont🇪🇺 EU3.0
Virginia🇪🇺 EU2.7
Washington🇨🇳 China0.7
West Virginia🇪🇺 EU3.4
Wisconsin🇪🇺 EU2.2
Wyoming🇪🇺 EU1.8

Four states shifted to trading more with the EU than China in 2025: Alaska, Illinois, Oregon, and Wyoming. They joined 41 other states and Washington, D.C., in the EU-oriented group.

With Illinois switching sides, every state east of the Mississippi River now trades more with the EU than with China.

How EU Trade Gained Ground

The EU was also subject to the so-called “Liberation Day” tariffs, initially facing a 20% reciprocal tariff. Following negotiations between the U.S. and European Commission, the two sides announced a trade deal in July 2025 that capped most U.S. tariffs on EU goods at 15%.

Over the full year, U.S.-China goods trade declined by more than a quarter, while total EU-U.S. trade increased from 2024.

The states trading the most with the EU were Texas ($114 billion), Indiana ($110 billion), and California ($67 billion). Indiana stands out in particular, with the EU accounting for about half of its goods trade, supported by the state’s large pharmaceutical industry and companies such as Eli Lilly.

The Five States Still Oriented Toward China

Only California, Nevada, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Washington traded more with China than with the European Union in 2025.

California led by a wide margin, recording more than $86 billion in two-way goods trade with China.

The five states have distinct industries that help explain their trade ties with China. These include California’s port-driven electronics imports, aerospace exports from Washington, and semiconductor production in New Mexico.

Learn More on the Voronoi App

To see how transatlantic trade ties are expanding, check out Revitalized U.S. Role in EU Trade since the Mid-2010s on Voronoi.

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